Psychological warfare techniques

Disinformation is false or misleading information deliberately spread to deceive people, or to secure economic or political gain and which may cause public harm. Disinformation is an orchestrated adversarial activity in which actors employ strategic deceptions and media manipulation tactics to advance political, military, or commercial goals. Disinformation is implemented through coordinated campaigns that "weaponize multiple rhetorical strategies and forms of knowing—including not only falsehoods but also truths, half-truths, and value judgements—to exploit and amplify culture wars and other

group of people who undermine a larger group

military information operations aimed at promoting behaviour to assist military objectives

form of indirect warfare

act with the intent of disguising the actual source of responsibility and pinning blame on a second party

thumb|A sign for the successful Vote Leave|campaign to leave in the [[2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum. The claim made by the sign was widely considered to have been an example of misinformation.|alt=Sign reading: We send the EU £50 MILLION EVERY DAY / Let's spend it on our NHS instead / [heartbeat graphic] / Vote Leave on 23 June]]

form of propaganda in public relations

set of concepts and theoretical perspectives in social sciences on how individuals, groups, and societies, organize, perceive, and communicate about reality

Russian state-sponsored Internet commentators

A stay-behind operation is one where a country places secret operatives or organizations in its own territory, for use in case of a later enemy occupation. The stay-behind operatives would then form the basis of a resistance movement, and act as spies from behind enemy lines. Small-scale operations may cover discrete areas, but larger stay-behind operations envisage reacting to the conquest of whole countries.

term for the actions of political warfare conducted by the Soviet and Russian security services

military tactic

use of political means to compel an opponent with hostile intent

policy wherein governments or groups within a government allow or encourage extremist groups to perform attacks, e.g. allegedly in Italy during 1968–1982, when far-left and far-right groups performed bombings

contamination of information supply with irrelevant, redundant, unsolicited and low-value information

hypothesis

the spreading of deliberate fabrications or exaggerations about the crimes committed by an enemy

type of secret agent

Russian state-sponsored disinformation campaigns

damaging an enemy's fighting spirit

modern type of information warfare and psychological warfare

form of psychological warfare in which leaflets are scattered in the air

Hacker team specialized on political manipulations such as election

bombing the same location a second time

psychological warfare and torture technique

Russian psychosocial military approach

Chinese foreign strategy using small provocations to cumulatively produce a much larger result, e.g. in the South China Sea

various types of cyberwarfare used by Russia against many nations