Punishment

thumb|The old village stocks in Chapeltown, Lancashire, England

thumb|Justice and Divine Vengeance Pursuing Crime by Pierre-Paul Prud'hon, –1808

penological process to make a person again a functional part of society

supernatural punishment by a deity

Impunity is the ability to act with exemption from punishments, losses, or other negative consequences. In the international law of human rights, impunity is failure to bring perpetrators of human rights violations to justice and, as such, itself constitutes a denial of the victims' right to justice and redress. Impunity is especially common in countries which lack the tradition of rule of law, or suffer from pervasive corruption, or contain entrenched systems of patronage, or where the judiciary is weak or members of the security forces are protected by special jurisdictions or immunities. Im

theory of justice based on an offender deserving a proportional punishment

effective strategy in game theory for the iterated prisoner's dilemma

A reprimand is a severe, formal or official reproof. Reprimanding takes in different forms in different legal systems. A reprimand in custody may be a formal legal action issued by a government agency or professional governing board (e.g. medical board, bar council). It may also be an administrative warning issued by an employer or school. A judge might reprimand a person in court if they have violated their release order or bail status, and place them back in custody.

phrase describing punishment that is considered unacceptable due to the suffering, pain, or humiliation it inflicts on the person subjected to it

aphorism about divine retribution

theory applicable to biology, anthropology, and sociology