Pyrenulales

The Pyrenulales are an order of ascomycetous fungi within the class Eurotiomycetes and within the subphylum Pezizomycotina.

The Pyrenulaceae are a family of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the order Pyrenulales, though a few members are secondarily non-lichenized. They form thin crusts on bark and, less often, on rock, and partner with species from the green algal genus Trentepohlia. The family is characterized by flask-shaped fruiting bodies (perithecia) that typically open through a pore, and by ascospores whose internal walls form distinctive rounded to diamond-shaped chambers. The number of accepted genera varies among sources—recent phylogenetic treatments have sampled about 13, while broader taxonomic outlines

Anthracothecium is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Pyrenulaceae. It comprises five species of crustose, bark-dwelling, lichens in the tropics and subtropics, and that in the current sense the genus is diagnosed by young ascospores that are euseptate (true septa) and remain mostly euseptate when mature, contrasting with Pyrenula, where and thickened is the norm. The ascomata (fruiting bodies) are (blackened and charcoal-like), usually simple or aggregated in predictable ways, and ostioles may be apical or lateral depending on species.

Distopyrenis is a genus of fungi in the family Pyrenulaceae.

species of fungus

Sulcopyrenula is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Pyrenulaceae. It contains five species. Sulcopyrenula is a largely tropical American genus with a single outlier in East Asia, and all five species share a preference for relatively undisturbed, humid bark substrates—whether in savanna woodland, rainforest or shaded montane hardwood stands.

species of fungus

Clypeopyrenis is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Pyrenulaceae. The genus was circumscribed in 1991 by Dutch lichenologist André Aptroot, with Clypeopyrenis microsperma assigned as the type species. This lichen, originally described from material collected in Costa Rica, is also found in the Caribbean and South America. Clypeopyrenis porinoides was added to the genus in 2011; it was discovered in Costa Rica, close to the type locality of the type species.

species of fungus

Lithothelium is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Pyrenulaceae. Most of the species are found in tropical climates, and are usually corticolous (bark-dwelling) or saxicolous (rock-dwelling). These lichens form thin, crust-like layers that are often embedded within their substrate and are characterized by distinctive black, flask-shaped reproductive structures that may occur individually or in fused clusters with small openings for spore release. Established as a genus in 1885 by the Swiss botanist Johannes Müller Argoviensis, Lithothelium species can be distinguished from similar l

Acrocordiella is a genus of fungi in the family Pyrenulaceae. It was in the family Requienellaceae.

Pyrgillus is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Pyrenulaceae. The genus was circumscribed by the Finnish lichenologist William Nylander in 1858.

Requienella is a small genus of bark-dwelling ascomycete fungi in the family Requienellaceae. It was erected by Jean-Henri Fabre in 1883 for species with black, partly exposed fruiting bodies and large, dark, many-septate spores. The genus was long difficult to classify, and was discussed in both mycological and lichenological literature, but modern DNA studies place it in the order Xylariales. Most modern authors treat Requienella as non-lichenised, and its species are best known from the bark of old living trees.

Parapyrenis is a genus of fungi in the family Pyrenulaceae.

Granulopyrenis is a genus of fungi in the family Pyrenulaceae.