Quantum information science

correlation between measurements of quantum subsystems, even when spatially separated

scheme for the transfer of quantum information from one system to a remote one using entanglement

notation for quantum states

in quantum physics, the theorem that locally causal hidden-variable theories cannot reproduce correlations predicted by quantum mechanics

physical principle in which physics inside a bounded region is fully captured by physics at the boundary of the region

interdisciplinary theory behind quantum computing

matrix describing a quantum system in a pure or mixed state, a statistical mixture of quantum states

Canadian Quantum Computing Company

basic circuit in quantum computing

appearance or change of birefringence in an optical medium by an applied electric field

secure communication method enabling two parties to produce a shared random secret key such that any eavesdroppers can be detected using quantum properties

in quantum information theory, the statement that it is impossible to create an independent and identical copy of an arbitrary unknown quantum state

Upper limit on entropy that can be contained within a given finite region of space which has a finite amount of energy, in physics.

quantum state of two qubits that exhibits maximal quantum entanglement

Quantum Machine Learning combines quantum computing and ML to enhance algorithms, leveraging unique quantum properties, like superposition and entanglement , for efficient problem-solving.

The BB84 protocol, named after its inventors Charles Bennett and Gilles Brassard in 1984, is a prepare-and-measure Quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol, in which, one party (e.g. Alice) performs the encoding by preparing the quantum states, and the other party (e.g., Bob) measures them. The BB84 QKD scheme is the first quantum cryptography protocol, and has become one of the most well-studied QKD protocols. The protocol is provably secure assuming a perfect implementation, relying on two conditions: (1) the quantum property that information gain is only possible at the expense of disturbing

model of quantum computing

Chinese scientific satellite

measurement device using quantum mechanical effects such as entanglement

quantum mechanics thought experiment that uses interaction-free measurements to verify that a bomb is functional without having to detonate it

A qutrit (or quantum trit) is a unit of quantum information that is realized by a 3-level quantum system (qudit with radix 3), that may be in a superposition of three mutually orthogonal quantum states.

quantum logic gate that operates on 2 qubits, flipping the second qubit if and only if the first qubit is 1

device for storing quantum information

computational neural network model based on the principles of quantum mechanics

quantum communication protocol to communicate 2 bits by sending one qubit together with sharing an entangled qubit

quantum measurement that results in an observer obtaining very little information about the system on average, but also disturbs the state very little

new radar technology

hypothetical fault-tolerant quantum computer based on topological condensed matter

era of technology characterized by quantum processors with <1000 qubits sensitive to noise, prone to quantum decoherence, and incapable of continuous quantum error correction

applications of machine learning to quantum physics

quantum computer using trapped ions as qubits

Academic discipline

Russian mathematician

abstract model of quantum computation

quantum mechanical analogue

AQUA@home was a volunteer computing project operated by D-Wave Systems that ran on the Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing (BOINC) software platform. It ceased functioning in August 2011. Its goal was to predict the performance of superconducting adiabatic quantum computers on a variety of problems arising in fields ranging from materials science to machine learning. It designed and analyzed quantum computing algorithms, using Quantum Monte Carlo techniques.

quantum computing implementation

atomic clock with laser cooled single ions confined together in an electromagnetic ion trap

in quantum information theory, the no-go theorem that, given two copies of a quantum state, one cannot delete only one of the copies

thumb|upright=0.8|Eigenenergies E_m(first three levels, m = 0, 1, 2) of the qubit Hamiltonian as a function of the effective offset charge n_g for different ratios E_J/E_c. Energies are given in units of the transition energy E_{01}, evaluated at the degeneracy point n_g = 0.5. The zero point of energy is chosen as the bottom of the m = 0 level. The charge qubit (small E_J / E_c, top) is normally operated at the n_g = 0.5 "sweet spot" where fluctuations cause less energy shift and the anharmonicity is maximal. Transmon (large E_J / E_c, bottom) energy levels are insensitive to fluctuations bu

quantum computer that first prepares an entangled resource state and then performs single qubit measurements on it

quantum superposition of two coherent states

no-go theorem in quantum information theory, forbidding some communication during measurement of entangled states

metric for a quantum computer's capabilities and error rates

thumb|right|LOCC paradigm: the parties are not allowed to exchange particles coherently. Only local operations and classical communication is allowed LOCC, or local operations and classical communication, is a method in quantum information theory where a local (product) operation is performed on part of the system, and where the result of that operation is "communicated" classically to another part where usually another local operation is performed conditioned on the information received.

scientific journal

continuous (non-quantized) quantities in quantum information science

quantum-mechanical many-body entangled state representing a superposition of N particles in one mode with 0 particles in another, and vice versa

second commercially-available quantum computer developed by D-Wave Systems, Inc.

thumb|400px|Creating a logical conjunction of the five controls out of Toffoli gates and ancilla bits. Uncomputation is used to restore the ancilla bits to their original states before finishing.

measure of the closeness of two quantum states

device which can be used to store or transfer information between independent qubits in a quantum computer

invocation of quantum emulators, simulators or processors through the cloud. Increasingly, cloud services are being looked on as the method for providing access to quantum processing

extra bit(s) required in reversible and quantum computation, as bits cannot be modified arbitrarily

proposed spin-based quantum computer implementation

quantum physics of light and matter in a cavity