Reconquista

thumb|250px|Detail of the Cantigas de Santa Maria|Cantiga #63 (13th century), which deals with a late 10th-century battle in San Esteban de Gormaz involving the troops of Count García and [[Almanzor]] The Reconquista (Spanish and Portuguese for ) or the fall of al-Andalus was a series of military campaigns by northern Iberian Christian polities against Muslim-ruled al-Andalus, which had previously been part of the Visigothic Kingdom before the Muslim Conquest of 711. The Reconquista concluded in 1492 with the capture of Granada by the Catholic Monarchs of Spain, thereby ending the presence of

former kingdom on the Iberian Peninsula

independent medieval kingdom in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula (910–1230), capital León

title for Queen Isabella I of Castile and King Ferdinand II of Aragon

county in Southwestern Europe between 868–1139, predecessor of the Kingdom of Portugal

1482–1492 war

Covadonga (Asturian: Cuadonga, from cova domnica "Cave of Our Lady") is one of 11 parishes in Cangas de Onís, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in Northwestern Spain. It is in the Picos de Europa mountains. With a permanent population of 55, the parish became a site of pilgrimage and a place of great cultural importance following the 722 Battle of Covadonga, which marked the beginning of the Spanish Reconquista of the Iberian Peninsula. The battle, which took place near the village in 722, was the first Christian victory in the Iberian Peninsula over the

Adelantado (, , ; meaning 'advanced') was a title held by some Spanish nobles in service of their respective kings during the Middle Ages. It was later used as a military title held by some Spanish conquistadores of the 15th, 16th and 17th centuries.

1011-1078

territorial jurisdiction or province of the Crown of Castile (1085-1833)

traditional Spanish festival

castle

former country

insurgency

representation of the apostle James as a legendary figure who helps Christians conquer the Muslim Moors

Spanish national myth

book

Spanish 10th-century noble, count of Álava and Lantarón

1231 treaty between Aragon and Menorca

art style in medieval Spain

1274–1350 war phase in the Reconquista

religious vow by Iberian kingdoms to Saint James

thumb|right|250px|Tomb of Sidi Mesaud and the hill of Cazaza. Cazaza was a Spanish enclave on the western coast of Cape Three Forks, in what is today Morocco, around 18 km from Melilla. It was here that the exiled Boabdil, last Emir of Granada, landed when he left the Iberian Peninsula in 1492.

Historical period

troubadour

(1094-1102)

listing of events in Spanish history

A knight-villein (Cavaleiro-vilão in Portuguese, caballero villano in Spanish) was a free plebeian horsemen who owned land, weapons and a horse, despite not being part of the nobility, being prominent in medieval Portugal, Castile and Leon.

thumb|Map of Desert of the Duero The Repoblación (, ; , ) was the ninth-century repopulating of a large region between the River Duero and the Cantabrian Mountains, which had been depopulated in the early years of the Reconquista and became known as the Desert of the Duero, although, despite its name, the region has never been completely depopulated as archaeological research has shown since there was a limited continuity of human occupation. It is also the designation for repopulation efforts by the Christian kingdoms of the Iberian Peninsula, in what would become modern-day Portugal and Spai

poem written by Salih ben Sharif al-Rundi

painting by Francisco Pradilla Ortiz