Redox

number that describes degree of oxidation of an atom in a chemical compound; the hypothetical charge that an atom would have if all bonds to atoms of different elements were fully ionic

upright=1.6|class=skin-invert-image|thumb|right|Sodium "gives" one outer electron to [[fluorine, bonding them to form sodium fluoride. The sodium atom is oxidized, and fluorine is reduced.]] thumb|right|upright=1.25|When a few drops of glycerol (mild reducing agent) are added to powdered [[potassium permanganate (strong oxidizing agent), a violent redox reaction accompanied by self-ignition starts.]]

thumb|class=skin-invert-image|Structure of the antioxidant glutathione

chemical compound used to oxidize another substance

phosphorylation of ADP to ATP that accompanies the oxidation of a metabolite through the operation of the respiratory chain

element or compound that loses (or "donates") an electron to another chemical species in a redox chemical reaction; losing electrons,oxidized,"reduces" (are "oxidized" by) oxidizers (oxidizing agents)

type of reaction in organometallic chemistry

redox reaction that takes place with organic compounds

Inorganic chemistry

Pro-oxidants are chemicals that induce oxidative stress, either by generating reactive oxygen species or by inhibiting antioxidant systems. The oxidative stress produced by these chemicals can damage cells and tissues, for example, an overdose of the analgesic paracetamol (acetaminophen) can fatally damage the liver, partly through its production of reactive oxygen species.

chemical reaction