Rupelian genus extinctions

Mesohippus (Greek: / meaning "middle" and / meaning "horse") is an extinct genus of early horse. It lived 37 to 32 million years ago in the Early Oligocene. Like many fossil horses, Mesohippus was common in North America. Its shoulder height is estimated at 60 cm.

Arsinoitherium (Arsinoe II's beast) is an extinct genus of paenungulate mammals belonging to the extinct order Embrithopoda. It is related to elephants, sirenians, and hyraxes. Arsinoitheres were superficially rhinoceros-like herbivores that lived during the Late Eocene and the Early Oligocene of North Africa from 36 to 30 million years ago, in areas of tropical rainforest and at the margin of mangrove swamps. A species described in 2004, A. giganteum, lived in Ethiopia about 27 million years ago.

Entelodon (meaning 'complete teeth', from Ancient Greek entelēs 'complete' and odōn 'tooth', referring to its "complete" eutherian dentition), formerly called Elotherium, is an extinct genus of entelodont artiodactyl found in Eurasia. Fossils of species of Entelodon are found in Paleogene strata ranging in age from the Houldjinian (37.2–33.9 mya) until the Rupelian epoch of the early Oligocene (33.9–28.4 mya).

Archaeotherium (, meaning "ancient beast") is an extinct genus of entelodont artiodactyl endemic to North America during the Eocene and Oligocene epochs (35–28 mya). Archaeotherium fossils are most common in the White River Formation of the Great Plains, but they have also been found in the John Day Basin of Oregon and the Trans-Pecos area of Texas. Archaeotherium's fossils come from North America, between the Priabonian and Rupelian stages of the Eocene and Oligocene (35–28 million years ago). Up to fifteen species of Archaeotherium have been identified, which are divided into three subgenera

Phiomia (after the Ancient Greek phiom "lake", an ancient name for the Fayum) is an extinct genus of basal elephantiform proboscidean that lived in what is now Northern Africa during the Late Eocene to Early Oligocene some 37–30 million years ago. The type specimen of Phiomia, part of the mandible (lower jaw), was described in 1902 by Charles William Andrews and Hugh John Llewellyn. Unsure of its identity, they assigned it, tentatively, to the obsolete order Creodonta. Subsequently, it was recognised as a proboscidean. Briefly it was treated as a junior synonym of Palaeomastodon, but the two a

Anthropornis is a genus of giant penguin that lived 45-33 million years ago, during the Late Eocene and the earliest part of the Oligocene.

Aegyptopithecus ("Egyptian ape", from Greek Αίγυπτος "Egypt" and πίθηκος "ape") is an early fossil catarrhine that predates the divergence between hominoids (apes) and cercopithecids (Old World monkeys). It is known from a single species, Aegyptopithecus zeuxis, which lived around 38-29.5 million years ago in the early part of the Oligocene epoch. It likely resembled modern-day New World monkeys, and was about the same size as a modern howler monkey, which is about long. Aegyptopithecus fossils have been found in the Jebel Qatrani Formation of modern-day Egypt. Aegyptopithecus is believed to b

Barytherium (meaning "heavy beast") is a genus of an extinct genus of large primitive proboscideans that lived during the late Eocene and early Oligocene in North Africa. The type species is Barytherium grave, found at the beginning of the 20th century in Fayum, Egypt. Since then, more complete specimens have been found at Dor el Talha, Libya. More fossils were also discovered in 2011 in the Aidum area in Dhofar by Oman's Ministry of Heritage and Culture, which was named Barytherium omansi.

The genus Apidium (from Latin, a diminutive of the Egyptian bull god, Apis, as the first fossils were thought to be from a type of a cow) is that of at least three extinct primates living in the early Oligocene, from 30 to 28 million years ago. Apidium fossils are common in the Fayoum deposits of Egypt. Fossils of the earlier species, Apidium moustafai, are rare; fossils of the later species Apidium phiomense are fairly common.

Hoplophoneus (Greek: "murder" (phonos), "weapon" (hoplo)) is an extinct genus of saber-toothed carnivoran belonging to the family Nimravidae, sometimes known as false saber-toothed cats. The titular member of the subfamily Hoplophoninae, it is closely related to nimravids such as Eusmilus and Nanosmilus. Hoplophoneus lived in North America and Asia during the Late Eocene to Early Oligocene epochs from 35.7 to 30.5 mya, existing for approximately . Including supplementary materials The genus currently consists of three named species: H. oharri, H. occidentalis, and H. primaveus.

Poebrotherium ( ) is an extinct genus of camelid, endemic to North America. They lived from the Eocene to Miocene epochs, 46.3—13.6 mya, existing for approximately .

Elomeryx is an extinct genus of artiodactyl ungulate, and is among the earliest known anthracotheres. The genus was extremely widespread, first being found in Asia in the middle Eocene, in Europe during the latest Eocene, and having spread to North America by the early Oligocene. The closest living relatives of the Elomeryx are said suids, and hippopotamids (hippopotami and cetaceans). thumb|left|Restoration of E. armatus Elomeryx was about in body length, and had a long, vaguely horse-like head. It had small tusks which it used to uproot plants, and spoon-shaped incisors ideal for pulling an

Bothriogenys is a genus of anthracotheres that lived in Eastern Africa during the Late Eocene to Early Oligocene.

Adocus is an extinct genus of aquatic turtles belonging to the family Adocidae.

Paratylopus is an extinct genus of camelid, endemic to North America. It lived from the Oligocene to the Middle Miocene 33.9—16.0 Mya, existing for approximately . Fossils have been found in western Wyoming, and from eastern Nebraska to northeastern Colorado and southwestern South Dakota.

Palaeocarpilius is an extinct genus of crabs belonging to the family Carpiliidae. The type species of this genus is Palaeocarpilius macrocheilus.

Pangurban is an extinct genus of the family Nimravidae (the false saber-toothed cats), endemic to North America during the Eocene epoch (40–37 mya). It contains a single species, Pangurban egiae. Occurring several million years before other named nimravids in North America, the discovery of this species suggests that hypercarnivores evolved and spread quickly after the warm middle Eocene.