Russian missions to Mars

Fobos-Grunt or Phobos-Grunt () was an attempted Russian sample return mission to Phobos, one of the moons of Mars. Fobos-Grunt also carried the Chinese Mars orbiter Yinghuo-1 and the tiny Living Interplanetary Flight Experiment funded by the Planetary Society.

failed Russian Mars mission

European-Russian Mars orbiter

The 'ExoMars Kazachok (; formerly ExoMars 2020 Surface Platform') was a planned robotic Mars lander led by Roscosmos, part of the ExoMars 2022 joint mission with the European Space Agency. Kazachok translates as "Little Cossack", and is also the name of an East Slavic folk dance.