Sailing ship types

thumb|200px|Model of a Portuguese caravel, found in the Musée national de la Marine

A brigantine is a two-masted sailing vessel with a fully square-rigged foremast and at least two sails on the main mast: a square topsail and a gaff sail mainsail (behind the mast). The main mast is the second and taller of the two masts.

thumb|The Spanish xebec of [[Antonio Barceló (center) fighting two Algerian galiotes (1738)]] thumb|A Dutch galiot from Willaumez's Dictionnaire de la Marine in the 17th century thumb|250px|18th century half galleys. A galiot, galliot or galiote, was a small galley boat propelled by sail or oars. There are three different types of naval galiots that sailed on different seas.

thumb|Portuguese fusta from a book by Jan Huygen van Linschoten

sailing ship of Russian origin used to explore the Arctic in the 15th and 16th centuries

8th-century sailing vessel depicted in bas reliefs of Borobudur, Java, Indonesia

thumb|300x300px|Itaomacip drawn by Kodama Teiryo, bearing cargo of fur and dried salmon for trade. The ship drawn is not to scale: the actual hull is much larger than a human. An itaomacip (Japanese: イタオマチㇷ゚, Ainu: ita-oma-cip, "boat with a board") is a boat built traditionally by the Ainu for seafaring purposes. The name itaomacip is derived from the Ainu words ita-oma-cip, meaning literally a "boat with a board" (ita is a loan word from Japanese meaning "board"). It is a sewn boat enlarged via attaching side plates to a dugout canoe. When navigating inland waters, like rivers or lakes, Ainu

340px|right|thumb|A carving of a birlinn from a sixteenth-century tombstone in MacDufie's Chapel, Oronsay, as engraved in 1772. The birlinn () or West Highland galley was a wooden vessel propelled by sail and oar, used extensively in the Hebrides and West Highlands of Scotland from the Middle Ages on. Variants of the name in English and Lowland Scots include "berlin" and "birling". The Gaelic term may derive from the Norse byrðingr (ship of boards), a type of cargo vessel. It has been suggested that a local design lineage might also be traceable to vessels similar to the Broighter-type boat (f