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Second Boer War concentration camps

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Bloemfontein
Bloemfontein ( ; ), also known as Bloem, is the capital and the largest city of the Free State province in South Africa. It is often, and has been traditionally, referred to as the country's "judicial capital", alongside the legislative capital Cape Town and administrative capital Pretoria. However, the highest court in South Africa, the Constitutional Court, has been in Johannesburg since 1994.
Kimberley
city in the Northern Cape, South Africa
Polokwane
Polokwane (, meaning "Sanctuary" in Northern Sotho), formerly named Pietersburg, is the capital city of the Limpopo Province of South Africa. It is the country's largest urban centre north of Gauteng. It was one of the nine host cities of the 2010 FIFA World Cup.
Pietermaritzburg
Pietermaritzburg (; ) is the capital and second-largest city in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa after Durban. It was named in 1838 and is currently governed by the Msunduzi Local Municipality.
Mahikeng
Mahikeng (Tswana for "Place of Rocks"), formerly known as Mafikeng and alternatively known as Mafeking (, ), is the capital city of the North West province of South Africa.
East London
city in the Eastern Cape, South Africa
Horatio Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener
Irish officer and colonial administrator in the British Army (1850–1916)
Vereeniging
Vereeniging ( ; ) is a city located in the south of Gauteng province, South Africa, situated where the Klip River empties into the northern loop of the Vaal River. It is also one of the constituent parts of the Vaal Triangle region and was formerly situated in the Transvaal province. The name Vereeniging is the Dutch word meaning "association", although the spelling has since changed to vereniging, with a single e.
Potchefstroom
Potchefstroom ( ; ), known colloquially as Potch, is an academic city in the North West Province of South Africa. It hosts the Potchefstroom Campus of North-West University. Potchefstroom is situated on the Mooi River (Afrikaans for "pretty river"), approximately west-southwest of Johannesburg and east-northeast of Klerksdorp.
Kroonstad
Kroonstad ( in Afrikaans) is a town on the N1 highway in Free State, South Africa. It is the fourth largest town in the Free State (after Bloemfontein, Welkom and Bethlehem). It is the second-largest commercial and urban centre in the Northern Free State (after Welkom), and an important railway junction on the main line from Cape Town to Johannesburg.
Klerksdorp
Klerksdorp ( ) is located in the North West Province, South Africa. Klerksdorp is located southeast of Mahikeng, the provincial capital. Klerksdorp was also the first capital of the then Transvaal Republic and used to be the home of the first Stock Exchange in the region. It became an important trading town linking Kimberley to Johannesburg. It became home to a mix of farmers, miners and immigrants servicing the two industries. It was then located there because of availability of water and climate change.
Krugersdorp
Krugersdorp (Afrikaans for 'Kruger's Town') is a mining city in the West Rand, Gauteng Province, South Africa founded in 1887 by Marthinus Pretorius and Abner Cohen. Following the discovery of gold on the Witwatersrand, a need arose for a major town in the west of the reef. The government bought part of the Paardekraal farm and named the new town after the Transvaal president, Paul Kruger. Krugersdorp no longer has a separate municipal government after it was integrated into Mogale City Local Municipality along with surrounding towns. It is now the seat of government for Mogale City.
Aliwal North
town in the Eastern Cape, South Africa
Frederick Roberts, 1st Earl Roberts
British general (1832–1914)
Middelburg
town in Mpumalanga, South Africa
Emily Hobhouse
British welfare campaigner (1860–1926)
Standerton
Standerton is a large commercial and agricultural town lying on the banks of the Vaal River in Mpumalanga, South Africa, which specialises in cattle, dairy, maize and poultry farming. The town was established in 1876 and named after Boer leader Commandant A. H. Stander. During the First Boer War a British garrison in the town was besieged by the Boers for three months. General Jan Smuts won this seat during elections and went on to assist in setting up the League of Nations. Standerton is the seat of the Lekwa Local Municipality.
Winburg
Winburg is a small mixed farming town in the Free State province of South Africa.
Modimolle
Modimolle, also known as Nylstroom, is a town located near the southern edge of the Waterberg Massif in Limpopo province, South Africa. It is a medium-sized town that focuses primarily on agriculture and farming (citrus, grapes and cattle) as well as wildlife and tourism. Nylstroom is also located approximately north of Pretoria, South Africa's capital city.
Barberton
town in the Mpumalanga Province, South Africa
Vredefort
Vredefort (, ) is a small farming town in the Free State province of South Africa with cattle, peanuts, sorghum, sunflowers and maize being farmed. It is home to 3,000 residents.
Vryburg
Vryburg () is a large agricultural town with a population of approximately 89,120 situated in the Dr Ruth Segomotsi Mompati District Municipality of the North West Province of South Africa. It is the seat and the industrial and agricultural heartland of the district of the Bophirima region.
Volksrust
Volksrust is a town in the Mpumalanga province of South Africa near the KwaZulu-Natal provincial border, some 240 km southeast of Johannesburg, 53 km north of Newcastle and 80 km southeast of Standerton.
eMakhazeni
town in South Africa
Brandfort
Brandfort, officially renamed Winnie Mandela in 2021, is a small agricultural town in the central Free State province of South Africa, about 60 km northeast of Bloemfontein on the R30 road. The town serves the surrounding farms for supplies and amenities. It is well known for once being home to the anti-apartheid stalwart and wife of Nelson Mandela, Winnie Mandela, during her banishment.
Heidelberg
town in Gauteng province, South Africa
Heilbron
Heilbron is a town in the Free State province of South Africa which services the cattle, dairy, sorghum, sunflower and maize industries. Raw stock beneficiation occurs in leisure foods, dairy products and stock feeds. It also serves as a dormitory town for the Gauteng metropolis.
Springfontein
Springfontein is a small mixed farming town in the southern part of the Free State province of South Africa. It is located 150 km south-west of Bloemfontein.
Lizzie van Zyl
South African child prisoner
Bethulie
Bethulie is a small sheep and cattle farming town in the Free State province of South Africa. The name meaning chosen by God was given by directors of a mission station in 1829 which the town formed around. The mission building is the oldest settler built building still standing in the Free State. The town was also home to one of the largest concentration camps run by the British during the Boer War. The Dutch Reformed Church was built in 1862.
Pinetown
Pinetown is a city that forms part of the eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality, based just inland from Durban in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The city is situated 16 km (10 mi) north-west of Durban and 64 km (40 mi) south-east of Pietermaritzburg.
Norvalspont
Norvalspont is a small town in Pixley ka Seme District Municipality in the Northern Cape province of South Africa. The name is Afrikaans for Norval’s ferry, and named after an enterprising Scot who constructed a ferry here in 1848. The settlement lies some 40 km east-north-east of Colesberg and 43 km west-north-west of Venterstad, on the southern bank of the Orange River, just below the Gariep Dam.
Irene
township in South Africa
Balmoral
town in the Mpumalanga province of South Africa
Second Boer War concentration camps
internment of civilians by the British in the 1899-1902 African conflict
Blue Hill
place in Saint Helena
High Knoll Fort
fort of the English East India Company at Saint Helena