Shabbat

Shabbat (, , or ; , , ) or the Sabbath (), also called Shabbos (, ) by Ashkenazim, is Judaism's day of rest on the seventh day of the week—i.e., Friday–Saturday. On this day, religious Jews remember the biblical stories describing the creation of the heaven and earth in six days and the redemption from slavery and the Exodus from Egypt. Since the Jewish religious calendar counts days from sunset to sunset, Shabbat begins in the evening of what on the civil calendar is Friday.

right|thumb|Kiddush at the start of the Shabbat_meals#Friday_Night_Meal|Friday evening Sabbath meal as recited by the male head of the household in previous generations (Israel, 1963). right|thumb|Chaplain_Corps_(United_States_Army)|Chaplain [[Rabbi Abraham Dubin making the blessing over challah (India, 1944).]] Kiddush (; , , or ) is a blessing recited over wine or grape juice to sanctify Shabbat and Jewish holidays. Additionally, the word refers to a small repast called an oneg () held on Shabbat and holidays after the prayer services and before the meal.

year at the end of seven cycles of shmita (Sabbatical years)

thumb|Havdalah candle, kiddush cup, and spice box thumb|Grand Rabbi Judah Wolff Kornreich, the List of Hasidic dynasties and groups#S|Shidlovtzer [[Rebbe, reciting Havdalah]] Havdalah (, ) is a Jewish religious ceremony that marks the symbolic end of Shabbat and ushers in the new week. The ritual involves lighting a special candle with several wicks, blessing a cup of wine, and smelling sweet spices (). Shabbat ends on Saturday night after the appearance of three stars in the sky. If one forgot or was otherwise not able to recite Havdalah earlier, it may be performed as late as sunset of the T

Kugel ( , pronounced or ) is a baked casserole, most commonly made from egg noodles (lokshen) or shredded potato. It is a traditional Ashkenazi Jewish dish, often served on Sabbath and Jewish holidays. American Jews also serve it for Thanksgiving dinner. In Hungary it is known as "vargabéles" and served as a sweet dish.

candles lit on Friday evening to usher in Shabbat

non-Jewish person assisting in a task on Sabbath

Jewish religious tradition that involves the public reading of a set of passages from a Torah scroll

traditional song sung by Jews every Friday to begin Shabbat

Zemirot or Z'miros ( zǝmîrôt, singular: zimrah but often called by the masculine zemer) are Jewish hymns, usually sung in the Hebrew or Aramaic languages, but sometimes also in Yiddish or Ladino during Shabbat and to some extent the Jewish holidays. As a result of centuries of custom, albeit with some communal variations, each of the has become associated with one of the three obligatory meals of Shabbat: the Friday evening meal, the Saturday day meal, and the third Sabbath meal that typically starts just before sundown on Saturday afternoon. In some editions of the Jewish prayerbook (siddur),

part of the Ten Commandments (Exod. 20:8–11)

Kubaneh () is a traditional Yemenite Jewish yeast bread that is popular in Israel. It is traditionally baked overnight to be served for Shabbat breakfast. The bread is often served alongside haminados (eggs that are baked in their shells along with the bread), and grated tomato.

hasidic celebration

Meal customarily held by Jews after Shabbat

Jewish liturgical poem.

third meal eaten on the Shabbat

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Maftir () is the last person called up to the Torah on Shabbat and holiday mornings: this person also reads (or at least recites the blessings over) the haftarah portion from a related section of the Nevi'im (prophetic books).

Jewish prayer for Israel

song with lyrics by David

A farbrengen (, ; "to spend [time/solidarity/festivity together]") is a Hasidic gathering. This term is only used by Chabad-Lubavitch Hasidim, as other Hasidim have a tish or a botteh. Carried out in a relaxed atmosphere, with no rigid schedule, it may consist of edifying discussions, explanations of general Torah subjects, with an emphasis on Hasidic philosophy, relating of Hasidic stories, and lively Hasidic melodies, with refreshments being served. It is regarded as a time of great holiness. Farbrengens are public events open to non-Hasidim as well.

person who observes the Jewish Shabbat

special cloth used to cover the two braided loaves