Shahnameh

thumb|Plate with a hunting scene from the tale of Bahram V|Bahram Gur and Azadeh. The imagery on this plate represents the earliest known depiction of a well-known episode from the story of Bahram Gur, which seems to have been popular for centuries, but was only recorded in the Shahnameh, centuries after this plate was created. Iran, [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]]

thumb|Statue of Ferdowsi in Tus by Abolhassan Sadighi Abolqasem Mansour bin Hassan Tusi (940–1025), better known by his pen name Ferdowsi, was a Persian poet and the author of Shahnameh ("Book of Kings"), which is one of the world's longest epic poems created by a single poet, and the greatest epic of Persian-speaking countries. Ferdowsi is celebrated as one of the most influential figures of Persian literature and one of the greatest in the history of literature.

Soviet-Russian orientalist (1890-1957)

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mythical character

Tishtrya (; ) is the Avestan name of a Zoroastrian benevolent divinity associated with life-bringing rainfall and fertility. Tishtrya is Tir in Middle- and Modern Persian. As has been judged from the archaic context in which Tishtrya appears in the texts of the Avesta, this divinity is almost certainly of Indo-Iranian origin. Tir is associated with the star Sirius, called Tishtar, in Modern Persian.

Anērān (Middle Persian, ) or Anīrân (Modern Persian, ) is an ethno-linguistic term that signifies "non-Iranian" or "non-Iran" (non-Aryan). Thus, in a general sense, 'Aniran' signifies lands where Iranian languages are not spoken. In a pejorative sense, it denotes "a political and religious enemy of Iran and Zoroastrianism."

Zoroastrian Daeva of evil mind

Russian folk-literature hero

upright=1.25|thumb|Nusrati writing the Gulshan-i ʿishq, from a manuscript of 1743 Muḥammad Nuṣrat (died 1674), called Nuṣratī ('victorious'), was a Deccani Urdu poet.

name of one of the legendary eight treasures of the Sasanian king Khosrow II (r. 591-628)

13th C. Persian inscription

thumb|right|Ashkbous in the Shahnameh of Shah Tahmasp Ashkbous () is a Keshanian hero in Shahnameh who fights with Iranians in the Battle of Kamous-e Kashani. In Bondari's translation of Shahnameh into Arabic, his name is given as Askbos. In the story of Kamous, Ashkbous first fights with Rohham and defeats him, but he himself was defeated and killed by Rostam who was fighting on foot without Rakhsh. The battle of Rostam and Ashkbous was a popular choice in Persian miniature. It has been suggested that Kashanians or Koshanians are related to Kushan Empire.