Sixteen Kingdoms

Chinese dynasty (266–420)

period of Chinese history from 304 to 439

book by Wei Shou about Northern Wei and Eastern Wei dynasties

historical text of the Liu Song dynasty

Five ancient non-Han ethnic groups during the Eastern Han Dynasty (4th-5th centuries) waged war against Western Jin, establisehd sixteen kingdoms

Chinese historical text (compiled in 648)

7th century Chinese historical text

The Dingling were an ancient people who appear in Chinese historiography in the context of the 1st century BCE.

non-fiction work by Cui Hong

former country

The Murong (; LHC: *mɑC-joŋ; EMC: *mɔh-juawŋ) or Muren refers to an ethnic Xianbei tribe who are attested from the time of Tanshihuai (). Different strands of evidence exist linking the Murong to the Mongol nomadic confederation in Central Asia. The Former Yan (337–370), Later Yan (384–409), Western Yan (384–394), Southern Yan (398–410) dynasties as well as Tuyuhun (285–670) were all founded by Murong peoples.

Chinese deity