Smelting

type of metallurgical furnace used for smelting to produce industrial metals

thumb|upright=1.15|Molten slag is carried outside and poured into a dump. Caletones copper smelter in El Teniente mine, Chile. Slag is a by-product or co-product of smelting (pyrometallurgical) ores and recycled metals depending on the type of material being produced. Slag is mainly a mixture of metal oxides and silicon dioxide. Broadly, it can be classified as ferrous (co-products of processing iron and steel), ferroalloy (a by-product of ferroalloy production) or non-ferrous/base metals (by-products of recovering non-ferrous materials like copper, nickel, zinc and phosphorus). Within these g

iron alloy with a high carbon content

thumb|Electric phosphate smelting furnace in a Tennessee Valley Authority|TVA [[chemical plant (1942)]]

thumb|A bloomery in operation. The bloom will eventually be drawn out of the bottom hole.

process of extracting copper from the ground

smelting process for sulfur-containing ores

300px|right|thumb|Headframe of an underground mine at the ASARCO Mission Complex near Tucson, Arizona ASARCO (American Smelting and Refining Company) is a mining, smelting, and refining company based in Tucson, Arizona, which mines and processes primarily copper.

top blown rotary converter for metals

company

Rönnskär () is a metallurgic plant located in Skelleftehamn, Sweden. The factory does extraction of copper, zinc and lead, and produces important quantities of sulfuric acid, silver and gold when extracted as joint products. Since 2012, electronic waste recycling has become a major activity of the factory. Launched in 1930 as Rönnskärsverken, Rönnskär is Boliden AB's main production site.

direct reduced iron production process

Conversion of zinc ore into pure zinc