Sophiology

Russian philosopher (1853-1900)

Russian Orthodox theologian, priest, philosopher, mathematician, physicist, electrical engineer, inventor and Neomartyr (1882–1937)

Russian Orthodox Christian theologian, philosopher, priest and economist (1871–1944)

thumb|200px|right|Icon, Theotokos as Sophia, the Holy Wisdom, Kiev (1812) Sophiology (; by detractors also called Sophianism () or Sophism ()) is a controversial school of thought in the Russian Orthodox tradition of Eastern Orthodox Christianity that holds that Divine Wisdom (or Sophia—Greek: σοφία; literally translatable to "wisdom") is to be identified with God's essence, and that this Divine Wisdom is in some way expressed in the world as 'creaturely' wisdom. This notion has often been characterized as introducing a feminine "fourth hypostasis" into the Trinity.

Russian philosopher (1855–1920)

Estonian-Russian Christian mystic, polyglot scholar and hermetic magician (1900-1973)