Soviet internal politics

Marxist–Leninist founding and ruling party of the Soviet Union

Perestroika ( ; ) was a political reform movement within the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) during the late 1980s, widely associated with CPSU general secretary Mikhail Gorbachev and his ("transparency") policy reform. literally means "restructuring", referring to the restructuring of the political economy of the Soviet Union in an attempt to end the Era of Stagnation.

Glasnost ( ; , ) is a concept relating to openness and transparency. It has several general and specific meanings, including a policy of maximum openness in the activities of state institutions and freedom of information and the inadmissibility of hushing up problems. In Russian, the word glasnost has long been used to mean 'openness' and 'transparency'. In the mid-1980s, it was popularised by Mikhail Gorbachev as a political slogan for increased government transparency in the Soviet Union within the framework of perestroika, and the word came to be used in English in the latter meaning.

thumb|right|250px|Minsk, Belarus, 2011: old street sign in Belarusian (right) replaced with new one in Russian (left). Russification (), Russianisation or Russianization, is a form of cultural assimilation in which non-Russians adopt Russian culture and Russian language either voluntarily or as a result of a deliberate state policy.

forced economic reforms of collective ownership of the means of production

draft treaty of 1991

thumb|The 1921 Soviet recruitment to the Military Education poster with the Ukrainization theme. The text reads: "Son! Enroll in the , and the defence of Soviet Ukraine will be ensured." The poster uses traditional Ukrainian imagery with Ukrainian-language text to reach a wider appeal. The School of Red Commanders in [[Kharkiv was organized to promote the careers of the Ukrainian national cadre in the army.]]

Ukrainization or Ukrainisation ( ) is a policy or practice of increasing the usage and facilitating the development of the Ukrainian language and promoting other elements of Ukrainian culture in various spheres of public life such as education, publishing, government, and religion. The term is also used to describe a process by which non-Ukrainians or Russian-speaking Ukrainians are assimilated to Ukrainian culture and language, either by individual choices or forcibly, as a result of social processes or policies. == Background == From the second half of the 15th century through the 16th centu

Soviet cultural doctrine developed by Central Committee secretary Andrei Zhdanov in 1946 that proposed the world was divided into two camps: the "imperialistic", headed by the United States; and "democratic", headed by the Soviet Union

political ideology that combines nationalism with communism

thumb|300px|Latvian National Theatre decorated with Soviet symbols ([[hammer and sickle, red star, red flags and a double portrait of Vladimir Lenin and Joseph Stalin) after the Soviet occupation in 1940. The text on top reads "Long live the USSR!"]] Sovietization ( ) is the adoption of a political system based on the model of soviets (workers' councils) or the adoption of a way of life, mentality, and culture modeled after the Soviet Union.

1920s–1930s campaign to develop Latin alphabets for the languages of the Soviet Union

transfer of the Crimean Peninsula from the Russian SSR to the Ukrainian SSR

process of allocating national administrative-territorial units

the single dominant ethnic group in the state, typically after which the state was named

Internal dispute between Soviet leadership involving Georgia's admittance to the USSR

passport of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics issued to Soviet citizens

propagandistic textbook

official address of a person in Russia and the former Soviet Union

1932 attempt to oppose Stalin in the CPSU

thumb|Karl Vaino, a noted "Yestonian," in 1987

military-like labor regiments in the USSR

1987 political slogan from Mikhail Gorbachev

move from Latin scripts to Cyrillic

pro-Soviet organization in Latvian SSR

forced labor formations of mostly ethnic minorities in the USSR during the Second World War

thumb|Poster of the Leningrad Society for the Bonding of City and Country by Boris Kustodiev Smychka () was a popular political term in Soviet Russia and the Soviet Union. It can be roughly translated as "collaboration in society" "union", "alliance", "joining the ranks". The generic meaning of the noun "смычка", derived from the verb "сомкнуть", is joining of two things: contact, joint, linkage, coupling, like joining the two opposite branches of a railroad whose construction was started from both ends.

The Intermovement (formally International Movement of Workers in the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic) (, ) was a political movement and organisation in the Estonian SSR. It was founded on 19 July 1988 and claimed by different sources 16,000 - 100,000 members. The original name of the movement was Interfront (International Front of Workers in the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic), which was changed to Intermovement in autumn 1988.

anti-Yeltsin, anti-Gorbachev open letter from 1991