States and territories disestablished in 1881

1859–1881 personal union and early form of the modern Romanian state

area in the north-west of present-day Croatia and south-eastern Slovenia, existing between 1460 and 1881 along the most exposed section of the Austro-Ottoman border as a defence against Turkish invasions

British colony from 1877 to 1881 and 1902 to 1910

16th-19th century Ottoman territory

monarchy in Tunisia between 1705 and 1881

Habsburg territory (1553–1881)

Austro-Hungarian border region

Ottoman province in Thessaly

Wahidi sultanate in the Aden Protectorate (1830–1881)