States and territories established in the 4th century

Vianden (; or (locally) ) is a commune with city status in north-eastern Luxembourg, with a population of 2,221 as of 2025. It is part of the canton of the same name. Vianden lies near the border with Germany, along the Our river, being the only place where the border is not defined by that river. It is known for Vianden Castle.

state established by proto-Mongols, from the late 4th century until the middle 6th century

history of all the kingdoms and others states named Burgundy

Isauria ( or ; ), in ancient geography, is a rugged, isolated district in the interior of Asia Minor, of very different extent at different periods, but generally covering what is now the district of Bozkır and its surroundings in the Konya Province of Turkey, or the core of the Taurus Mountains. In its coastal extension it bordered on Cilicia. thumb|right|350px|Location of Isauria in Asia Minor

Nobatia or Nobadia (; Greek: Νοβαδία, Nobadia; Old Nubian: ⲙⲓⲅⲛ̅ Migin or ⲙⲓⲅⲓⲧⲛ︦ ⲅⲟⲩⲗ, Migitin Goul lit. "''of Nobadia's land''") was a late antique kingdom in Lower Nubia, modern day southern Egypt. Together with the two other Coptic-Nubian kingdoms, Makuria and Alodia, it succeeded the kingdom of Kush. After its establishment in around 400, Nobadia gradually expanded by defeating the Blemmyes in the north and incorporating the territory between the second and third Nile cataract in the south. In 543, it converted to Coptic Christianity. It would then be annexed by Makuria, under unknown cir

ruling dynasty of ancient Karnataka in India

Dumnonia (, in the adjective form), a Latinised name, was a Brythonic kingdom that existed in Sub-Roman Britain between the 6th century CE and the 7th century CE in the more westerly parts of present-day South West England.

thumb|right|Approximate location of Fortriu Fortriu (; ; ; ) was a Pictish kingdom recorded between the 4th and 10th centuries. It was traditionally believed to be located in and around Strathearn in central Scotland, but is more likely to have been based in the north, in the Moray and Easter Ross area. Fortriu is a term used by historians as it is not known what name its people used to refer to their polity. Historians also sometimes use the name synonymously with Pictland in general.

thumb|300px|Tang dynasty map of its Western territories, showing Tokharistan (吐火罗) in the area of [[Bactria, at the extreme west of Chinese-controlled territories.]]

Roman province

Euphratensis (Latin for "Euphratean"; , Euphratēsía), fully Augusta Euphratensis, was a late Roman and then Byzantine province in Syrian region, part of the Byzantine Diocese of the East.

Roman province

Roman province

Roman province

Viennensis or Gallia Viennensis was a Late Roman province that derived its name from its capital Vienna (modern day Vienne, Isère), a Roman city, first located in Gallia Narbonensis.

Domnonée is the modern French form of Domnonia or Dumnonia (Latin for "Devon"; ), a historic kingdom in northern Armorica (modern Brittany). It was founded by British immigrants from Dumnonia in Sub-Roman Britain who fled the Saxon invasions of Britain in the early Middle Ages. Headed by the same ruling dynasty, Domnonée was at times separate from, and at other times united with, its British motherland, and the Latin name Domnonia was applied to both regions interchangeably. On the continent, Domnonée encompassed the areas of Trégor, Dol-de-Bretagne, Goélo, and Penthièvre.

ancient Irish kingdom

state by the Qiang ethnic group

ancient region of Roman-controlled Egypt

second Arakanese Kingdom in Western Myanmar

The Salīḥids (), also known simply as Salīḥ or by their royal house, the Zokomids (Arabic: Ḍajaʿima) were the dominant Arab foederati of the Byzantine Empire in the 5th century. They succeeded the Tanukhids, who were dominant in the 4th century, and were in turn defeated and replaced by the Ghassanids in the early 6th century.