Supernovae

thumb|right|upright=1.3|SN 1994D (bright spot on the lower left), a [[Type Ia supernova within its host galaxy, NGC 4526]] A supernova (: supernovae) is a powerful and luminous explosion of a star. A supernova occurs during the last evolutionary stages of a massive star, or when a white dwarf is triggered into runaway nuclear fusion. The original object, called the progenitor, either collapses to a neutron star or black hole, or is completely destroyed to form a diffuse nebula. The peak optical luminosity of a supernova can be comparable to that of an entire galaxy before fading over several w

remnants of an exploded star

supernova

supernova observed on 1006 AD, likely the brightest observed stellar event in recorded history

type of supernova

hypernova

supernova

supernova in the Andromeda Galaxy, spotted by mankind in August 1885

variable star in the constellation Pegasus

Explosion of a star 8 to 45 times the mass of the Sun

In nuclear astrophysics, the rapid neutron-capture process, also known as the '''r-process', is a set of nuclear reactions that is responsible for the creation of approximately half of the atomic nuclei heavier than iron, the "heavy elements", with the other half produced largely by the s-process. The r-process synthesizes the more neutron-rich of the stable isotopes of even elements, and those separated from the beta-stable isotopes by those that are not often have very low s-process yields and are considered r-only nuclei; the heaviest isotopes of most even elements from zinc to mercury fall

types of supernovae

ASASSN-15lh (supernova designation SN 2015L) is an extremely luminous astronomical transient event discovered by the All Sky Automated Survey for SuperNovae (ASAS-SN), with the appearance of a superluminous supernova event. It was first detected on June 14, 2015, located within a faint galaxy in the southern constellation Indus, and was the most luminous supernova-like object ever observed. At its peak, ASASSN-15lh was 570 billion times brighter than the Sun, and 20 times brighter than the combined light emitted by the Milky Way Galaxy. The emitted energy was exceeded by PS1-10adi.

production of the elements in a supernova explosion

type Ia supernova in Messier 82

Wikimedia list article

type Ia supernova

unit of energy

The term p-process (p for proton) is used in two ways in the scientific literature concerning the astrophysical origin of the elements (nucleosynthesis). Originally it referred to a proton capture process which was proposed to be the source of certain, naturally occurring, neutron-deficient isotopes of the elements from selenium to mercury. These nuclides are called p-nuclei and their origin is still not completely understood. Although it was shown that the originally suggested process cannot produce the p-nuclei, later on the term p-process was sometimes used to generally refer to any nucleos

supernova within the Pinwheel Galaxy, observed in August 2011

type of supernova

A quark-nova is the hypothetical violent explosion resulting from the conversion of a neutron star to a quark star. Analogous to a supernova heralding the birth of a neutron star, a quark nova signals the creation of a quark star. The term quark-novae was coined in 2002 by Rachid Ouyed (currently at the University of Calgary, Canada) and Drs. J. Dey and M. Dey (Calcutta University, India).

supernova in the constellation Virgo

supernova that occurs close enough to the Earth to have noticeable effects on its

supernova in the M81 galaxy, observed in 1993

cosmology group

supernova

iPTF14hls is an unusual supernova star that erupted continuously for about 1,000 days beginning in September 2014 before becoming a remnant nebula. It had previously erupted in 1954. None of the theories nor proposed hypotheses fully explain all the aspects of the object.

Wikimedia list article

hypernova

star that dies but does not explode

supernova

energetic supernova in another galaxy in 2005

astronomical object

powerful supernova which appeared to originate in galaxy CGCG 137-068 in 2018

supernova

network of neutrino detectors for alerting astronomers to nearby supernovae

supernova

ancient and modern recorded observations of supernovae explosions

supernova within theNGC 266 galaxy, observed in 2005

supernova in the NGC 5253 galaxy, first observed in 1972.

brightest supernova ever recorded

ype II-P supernova discovered in the galaxy NGC 2403 in 2004

type II supernova

p-nuclei (p stands for proton-rich) are certain neutron-deficient, naturally occurring isotopes of some elements between selenium and mercury inclusive which cannot be produced in either the s- or the r-process.

in astrophysics

diary of Fujiwara no Sadaie (Teika)

2020 supernova event in the NGC 4568 spiral galaxy collision

supernova

subtype of Ia supernova

supernova observed in September 2005

unusual Type 1a supernova in the constellation Böotes.

supernova

supernova in the NGC 1821 galaxy, observed in 2002

supernova

supernova

automated telescope

supernova in the constellation Camelopardalis

supernova within the Messier 51 galaxy, discovered in 2011