Supersymmetry

Supersymmetry is a theoretical framework in physics that suggests the existence of a symmetry between particles with integer spin (bosons) and particles with half-integer spin (fermions). It proposes that for every known particle, there exists a partner particle with different spin properties. There have been multiple experiments on supersymmetry that have failed to provide evidence that it exists in nature. If evidence is found, supersymmetry could help explain certain phenomena, such as the nature of dark matter and the hierarchy problem in particle physics.

theory of strings with supersymmetry

In theoretical physics, supergravity (supergravity theory; SUGRA for short) is a modern field theory that combines the principles of supersymmetry and general relativity; this is in contrast to non-gravitational supersymmetric theories such as the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. Supergravity is the gauge theory of local supersymmetry. Since the supersymmetry (SUSY) generators form together with the Poincaré algebra and superalgebra, called the super-Poincaré algebra, supersymmetry as a gauge theory makes gravity arise in a natural way.

In supergravity theories combining general relativity and supersymmetry, the gravitino () is the gauge fermion supersymmetric partner of the hypothesized graviton. It has been suggested as a candidate for dark matter.

In particle physics, the hypothetical dilaton is a particle of a scalar field \varphi that appears in theories with extra dimensions when the volume of the compactified dimensions varies. It appears as a radion in Kaluza–Klein theory's compactifications of extra dimensions. In Brans–Dicke theory of gravity, Newton's constant is not presumed to be constant but instead 1/G is replaced by a scalar field \varphi and the associated particle is the dilaton.

anticommutating number

theorem that states that a particular situation is not physically possible

procedure of putting a quantum field theory on fewer spatial dimensions than before

In theoretical physics and quantum physics, a graviphoton or gravivector is a hypothetical particle which emerges as an excitation of the metric tensor (i.e. gravitational field) in spacetime dimensions higher than four, as described in Kaluza–Klein theory.

In theoretical physics, the hypothetical particle called the graviscalar or radion emerges as an excitation of general relativity's metric tensor, i.e. gravitational field, but is indistinguishable from a scalar in four dimensions, as shown in Kaluza–Klein theory. The scalar field \phi comes from a component of the metric tensor g_{55} where the figure 5 labels an additional fifth dimension. The only variations in the scalar field represent variations in the size of the extra dimension. Also, in models with multiple extra dimensions, there exist several such particles. Moreover, in theories wi

generalization of a Lie algebra with ℤ/2 grading

In theoretical physics, a supercharge is a generator of supersymmetry transformations. It is an example of the general notion of a charge in physics.

theorem that spacetime symmetries cannot mix with internal ones in a relativistic quantum field theory

graphical representation of supersymmetric algebras

Superspace is the coordinate space of a theory exhibiting supersymmetry. In such a formulation, along with ordinary space dimensions x, y, z, ..., there are also "anticommuting" dimensions whose coordinates are labeled in Grassmann numbers rather than real numbers. The ordinary space dimensions correspond to bosonic degrees of freedom, the anticommuting dimensions to fermionic degrees of freedom.

area of research where mathematical concepts from high-energy physics are applied to the field of quantum mechanics

supersymmetric generalization of Coleman–Mandula theorem: the only possible (super-)symmetries of a nontrivial 4d Lorentzian QFT are (super-)Poincaré symmetry and internal symmetries