Synoptic problem

way to describe the gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke collectively

hypothetical collection of sayings attributed to Jesus, used as a common source (along with Mark) for Matthew and Luke according to the two-source hypothesis to the synoptic problem

thumb|Parchment manuscript of the Ephrem's Commentary on the Diatessaron, from Egypt, late 5th or early 6th century, in the [[Chester Beatty Library]]

solution to the synoptic problem, stating that Matthew and Luke were based on Mark and a hypothetical sayings collection ("Q")

longer version of the Gospel of Mark

The term logia (), plural of logion (), is used variously in ancient writings and modern scholarship in reference to communications of divine origin. In non-Abrahamic contexts, the principal meaning was "oracles", while Jewish and Christian writings used logia in reference especially to "the divinely inspired Scriptures". A famous and much-debated occurrence of the term is in the account by Papias of Hierapolis on the origins of the canonical Gospels. Since the 19th century, New Testament scholarship has tended to reserve the term logion for a divine saying, especially one spoken by Jesus, in

hypothesis that the Gospel of Mark was used as a source by the other synoptic gospels (Matthew and Luke)

solution to the synoptic problem, according to which Matthew was written first, Mark second and depending on Matthew, and Luke in turn depending on Matthew and Mark

solution to the synoptic problem that Mark was written first, that Matthew used Mark, and that Luke used Mark and Matthew

refinement of the two-source hypothesis for the synoptic problem, according to which Matthew and Luke each had its own unique sources (M and L, respectively) in addition to Mark and Q

British biblical scholar (1927-2010)

group of theories for the synoptic problem, stating that a lost Hebrew or Aramaic gospel lies behind the canonical gospels; based upon a 2nd-century tradition from Papias of Hierapolis, that the apostle Matthew composed such a gospel

hypothesis is that the Gospel of Matthew was written before the Gospel of Luke, and that both were written earlier than the Gospel of Mark; proposed solution to the Synoptic Problem

Canadian academic

inferred oral tradition, unique to Luke among the canonical gospels; includes the virgin birth of Jesus, and the parables of the Good Samaritan and of the Prodigal Son; according to the Four Document Hypothesis, Luke combined Mark, Q, and L

hypothesis which claims that the first produced or compiled gospel was that of Marcion and that this gospel of Marcion was used as inspiration either for some of the canonical gospels, or for all the canonical gospels (Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John)

possible solution to the synoptic problem in which Matthew and Luke each depended on both Mark and a sayings collection (Q or a subset of it), and Luke also depended on Matthew

proposed solution to the synoptic problem, that Mark was used as a source by Luke, and both of these were used as sources by Matthew