Taxa described in 1860

Caloplaca is a lichen genus comprising a number of distinct species. Members of the genus are commonly called firedot lichen, jewel lichen. gold lichens, "orange lichens", but they are not always orange, as in the case of C. albovariegata. The distribution of this lichen genus is worldwide, extending from Antarctica to the high Arctic. It includes a portion of northern North America and the Russian High Arctic. There are about thirty species of Caloplaca in the flora of the British Isles.

Trichopsis is a genus of gouramies native to Southeast Asia.

Helcyra is a genus of butterflies in the family Nymphalidae.

Cymidae is a family of true bugs in the order Hemiptera. There are at least 60 described species in Cymidae. thumb|Cymus novaezelandiae

Agrostocrinum is a genus of herbs in the family Asphodelaceae, subfamily Hemerocallidoideae, first described by Ferdinand von Mueller as a genus in 1860. The entire genus is endemic to the State of Western Australia.

Parmotrema is a genus of lichen belonging to the family Parmeliaceae. It is a large genus, containing an estimated 300 species, with a centre of diversity in subtropical regions of South America and the Pacific Islands.

Chaenotheca is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Coniocybaceae. The reproduction structures are a mass of loose ascospores that are enclosed by a cup-shaped sitting on top of a tiny stalk, having the appearance of a dressmaker's pin (called a mazaedium), hence the common name pin lichen. Genus members are also commonly called needle lichens. The genus has a worldwide distribution, with the greatest diversity in the temperate forests of the northern hemisphere, though species have also been recorded from the southern hemisphere including Australia, New Zealand, and South America. Sp

Actinopyga is a genus of sea cucumbers found in coastal waters in tropical and temperate regions.

thumb|Flowers of Marantochloa purpurea

Linodendron is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Thymelaeaceae.

Astictopterus is a genus of grass skippers in the family Hesperiidae. The type species is from Southeast Asia. Previously the genus contained two species groups, one from the Indomalayan which at core remains, whilst the second from the Afrotropical region are more recently placed in the genus Dotta or Isoteinon.

Stigmidium is a genus of lichenicolous (lichen-dwelling) fungi in the family Mycosphaerellaceae.

Thelomma is a genus of lichenized fungi in the family Caliciaceae. The genus is widely distributed and contains seven species. Thelomma was circumscribed by Italian lichenologist Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo in 1860.

Psilolechia is a genus of four species of crustose lichens. It is the only member of Psilolechiaceae, a family that was created in 2014 to contain this genus.

Anthracothecium is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Pyrenulaceae. It comprises five species of crustose, bark-dwelling, lichens in the tropics and subtropics, and that in the current sense the genus is diagnosed by young ascospores that are euseptate (true septa) and remain mostly euseptate when mature, contrasting with Pyrenula, where and thickened is the norm. The ascomata (fruiting bodies) are (blackened and charcoal-like), usually simple or aggregated in predictable ways, and ostioles may be apical or lateral depending on species.

Dactylina is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Parmeliaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Finnish botanist William Nylander in 1860, with Dactylina arctica assigned as the type species.

Dufrenoya is a genus of flowering plants in the family Santalaceae. It includes 13 species which range from the Himalayas to south-central China, Indochina, and western Malesia. Dufrenoya aurantiaca Dufrenoya collettii Dufrenoya euryphylla Dufrenoya granulata Dufrenoya longicuneata Dufrenoya oresitropha Dufrenoya papillosa Dufrenoya platyphylla Dufrenoya poilanei Dufrenoya pruinosa Dufrenoya robusta Dufrenoya sessilis Dufrenoya sphaerocarpa

Coccodinium is a genus of five species of fungi within the Coccodiniaceae family.

Ropalospora is a genus of lichen-forming fungi, and the sole member of the monogeneric family Ropalosporaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Italian lichenologist Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo in 1860. The family was proposed by Josef Hafellner in 1984.

Arthrorhaphis is a genus of fungi in the monotypic family Arthrorhaphidaceae. It has 13 species. Species in this family have a widespread distribution in temperate and montane habitats. They grow symbiotically with green algae, or parasitically on other lichens. These fungi typically start as parasites on other lichens but can later become free-living, forming bright greenish-yellow to greyish scales on acidic soils and weathered rocks in cool upland regions.

Hybocodon is a genus of cnidarians belonging to the family Tubulariidae, and was first described by Louis Agassiz in 1860.

Placocarpus is a genus of lichens in the family Verrucariaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Italian botanist Vittore Benedetto Antonio Trevisan de Saint-Léon in 1860.

Diptychocarpus is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Brassicaceae. It includes a single species, Diptychocarpus strictus, an annual which ranges from southern European Russia and the Caucasus through Iran, Pakistan, Central Asia, and Xinjiang to north-central China.

Gymnoderma is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Cladoniaceae. Originally established in 1860 by the Finnish lichenologist William Nylander, this small genus is characterised by forming mats of small, yellow-green scales dotted with spherical brown fruiting bodies. The genus is distinguished from related lichens by a unique microscopic feature: its spore-containing structures (asci) turn deep blue when stained with iodine, which is uncommon among members of the Cladoniaceae.

Strangospora is a genus of lichen-forming fungi. It is the only genus in the family Strangosporaceae, which itself is of uncertain taxonomic placement in the Ascomycota. It contains 10 species.

Celothelium is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Celotheliaceae. These lichens typically have a thin, crust-like thallus that often grows beneath the surface of tree bark or rocks in tropical rainforests and coastal areas. Celothelium species are characterised by small, black, shiny reproductive structures (perithecia), and thread-like spores. The genus has had an uncertain taxonomic history since its original description in 1860, but recent genetic studies have placed it in its own distinct group within the fungal class Eurotiomycetes. Celothelium species have been found in variou

Pteroplatini is a tribe of beetles in the subfamily Cerambycinae, containing the following genera:

Chapsa is a genus of lichens in the family Graphidaceae. These lichens form thin, grey-whitish to pale olive crusts on tree bark and are characterized by fruiting bodies that start as slits but expand into round to angular discs level with the surface, each bordered by a pale rim. The genus has a pantropical to warm-temperate distribution, growing on shaded bark in humid lowland or foothill rainforests, with over 60 species that often serve as indicators of undisturbed forest habitats.

Macrodontiini is a tribe of beetle in the family Cerambycidae.

Sisyndite is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Zygophyllaceae, containing only one species, Sisyndite spartea. It is a shrub native to southern Namibia and the northern Cape Provinces of South Africa.

Leucodecton is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Graphidaceae. These lichens form thin, cream to pale brown crusts on bark or rock surfaces and reproduce through flask-shaped fruiting bodies that often appear in small, wart-like clusters. The genus currently includes more than 30 species found worldwide, with many recently described from tropical regions such as Sri Lanka and Costa Rica.

Everniopsis is a fungal genus in the family Parmeliaceae. It consists of a single species, the bark-dwelling lichen Everniopsis trulla, which occurs in Africa and South America.