Taxa described in 1883

Timelaea is a genus of butterflies in the family Nymphalidae. The genus was erected by Hippolyte Lucas in 1883.

Ornithoboea is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Gesneriaceae. It includes 17 species native to south-central China, Indochina, and Peninsular Malaysia.

The order Aplysiida, commonly known as sea hares (Aplysia species and related genera), are medium-sized to very large opisthobranch gastropod molluscs with a soft internal shell made of protein. These are marine gastropod molluscs in the superfamilies Aplysioidea and Akeroidea.

Didissandra is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Gesneriaceae. It includes eight species native to Western Malesia, ranging from Peninsular Malaysia to Sumatra, Java, and Borneo.

Loxostigma is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Gesneriaceae.

Guepiniopsis is a genus of fungi in the family Dacrymycetaceae. The genus contains about seven widely distributed species. Guepiniopsis was circumscribed by Narcisse Théophile Patouillard in 1883.

Primulina is a genus of flowering plants in the African violet family Gesneriaceae. It includes 232 species native to southern and north-central China and northern Vietnam. The species are mostly calciphilous, and typically grow in the extensive limestone karst regions of China and Vietnam.

Petrocodon is a genus of the family Gesneriaceae. It includes 51 species native to southern China and Indochina (Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam). Petrocodon formerly had few species, but recent genetic analysis has refined our understanding of the genus. Calcareoboea, Paralagarosolen, Dolicholoma, and Tengia monotypic genera have been transferred to Petrocodon, as well as some Didymocarpus and Lagarosolen species.

Hexatheca is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Gesneriaceae.

Chersonesia is an Indomalayan butterfly genus in the family Nymphalidae. The common name is maplet.

The Lophiostomataceae are a family of fungi in the order Pleosporales. Taxa have a widespread distribution, especially in temperate regions, and are saprobic or necrotrophic on herbaceous and woody stems.

Capronia is a genus of fungi in the family Herpotrichiellaceae. It has about 80 species.

Anisomeridium is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Monoblastiaceae. These lichens form thin, nearly invisible crusts that grow mostly embedded within the bark of trees or other surfaces. They are distinguished by their tiny flask-shaped fruiting bodies and distinctive spores that have internal cross-walls positioned closer to one end than the other.

Anamixilla is a genus of sponges belonging to the family Jenkinidae.

Trichoplax is a genus placed in the phylum Placozoa. There are four species, named Trichoplax adhaerens, Hoilungia hongkongensis, Polyplacotoma mediterranea and Cladtertia collaboinventa. Placozoa is a basal group of multicellular animals, possible relatives of Cnidaria. Trichoplax are very flat organisms commonly less than 4 mm in diameter, lacking any organs or internal structures. They have two cellular layers: the top epitheloid layer is made of ciliated "cover cells" flattened toward the outside of the organism, and the bottom layer is made up of cylinder cells that possess cilia use

Massarina is a genus of fungi in the Massarinaceae family. Anamorph forms of species in Massarina include Acrocalymma, Ceratophoma, and Tetraploa. Massarina was circumscribed by Pier Andrea Saccardo in 1883. The widespread genus contains about 100 species.

Atomotricha is a genus of moths of the family Oecophoridae. The species in this genus are endemic to New Zealand.

Trachyphrynium is a monotypic genus of plants native to tropical Africa. The only recognized species is Trachyphrynium braunianum (K.Schum.) Baker, widespread from Liberia to Uganda.

genus of sponges

Ptilocaulis is a genus of demosponges. The species within this genus are usually red or orange. They are often called tree sponges, as they grow many branches from a single stem resembling trees. They can grow to large size.

Pericharax is a genus of sponges in the family Leucettidae, which was first described in 1883 by Poléjaeff.

Physoderma is a genus of chytrid fungi. Described by German botanist Karl Friedrich Wilhelm Wallroth in 1833, the genus contains some species that are parasitic on vascular plants, including P. alfalfae and P. maydis, causative agents of crown wart of alfalfa and brown spot of corn, respectively. Of the chytrid genera, Physoderma is the oldest. However, species were confused with the rust fungi, the genus Synchytrium, and the genus Protomyces of Ascomycota. Members of Physoderma are obligate parasites of pteridophytes and angiosperms. There are approximately 80 species within this ge

Chroodiscus is a genus of leaf-dwelling lichens in the family Graphidaceae. These lichens form thin, smooth crusts directly on living leaves and are characterized by distinctive star-shaped fruiting bodies that split into triangular segments, with centres ranging from grey to bright scarlet-red depending on their chemical composition. The genus is found throughout tropical regions worldwide, growing in the shaded understory of rainforests from lowland areas to mountain cloud forests, where they serve as sensitive indicators of undisturbed forest conditions.

Thaumatococcus is a genus of tropical flowering plants in the arrowroot family, Marantaceae, thought for many years to contain a single species from western Africa: Thaumatococcus daniellii. A second species, however, was described in 2012: Thaumatococcus flavus, native to Gabon in central Africa.

Porina is a genus of crustose lichens in the family Porinaceae. , Species Fungorum (in the Catalogue of Life) accepts 161 species of Porina.

Gigantomilax is a genus of gastropods belonging to the family Limacidae.

Eremascus is the sole genus in the fungal family Eremascaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Eduard Eidam in 1883, while the family was circumscribed by Adolf Engler and E. Gilg in 1924. Eremascus is thought to be a basal fungus, from which ascomycetous yeasts formed. Taxa have a widespread distribution, and grow saprobically, especially on substrates with low water content.

Vizella is a genus of leaf-inhabiting fungi in the class Dothideomycetes, and the type genus of the family Vizellaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Pier Andrea Saccardo in 1883.

Pseudopyrenula is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Trypetheliaceae.

Eilhardia is a genus of calcareous sponges in the family Baeriidae. It contains one species, Eilhardia schulzei.

Requienella is a small genus of bark-dwelling ascomycete fungi in the family Requienellaceae. It was erected by Jean-Henri Fabre in 1883 for species with black, partly exposed fruiting bodies and large, dark, many-septate spores. The genus was long difficult to classify, and was discussed in both mycological and lichenological literature, but modern DNA studies place it in the order Xylariales. Most modern authors treat Requienella as non-lichenised, and its species are best known from the bark of old living trees.

Phyllobathelium is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Strigulaceae. It comprises eight species of foliicolous (leaf-dwelling, crustose lichens.

Polymeridium is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Trypetheliaceae. Species in the genus are corticolous (bark-dwelling) and typically occur in tropical areas.

Allocotocerus is a genus of water beetles in the family Hydrophilidae, first described by Ernst Gustav Kraatz in 1883. The decision for synonymy is based on Hansen (1999).