Taxa described in 1959

Desmostylia (from Ancient Greek δεσμά (desmá), meaning "bundle", and στῦλος (stûlos), meaning "pillar") is an extinct order of aquatic mammals native to the North Pacific from the early Oligocene (Rupelian) to the late Miocene (Tortonian) (). Desmostylians are the only known extinct order of marine mammals. Their taxonomic placement within Placentalia is subject to considerable debate.

Chipmunks are small, striped squirrels of subtribe Tamiina. Chipmunks are found in North America, with the exception of the Siberian chipmunk, which is found primarily in Asia. The name "chipmunk" originated in the 19th century, and other names for this group of squirrels include chitmunk, chipmuck, chipping squirrel, and ground squirrel, though the last name can refer to squirrels of other genera.

Bipolaris is a genus of fungi belonging to the family Pleosporaceae. It was circumscribed by mycologist Robert A. Shoemaker in 1959.

Agathymus is a genus of butterflies in the skipper family, Hesperiidae. They occur in the North American deserts. The genus was described by Hugh Avery Freeman in 1959. The larvae bore into the stems of agave plants.

Stygiomedusa gigantea, commonly known as the giant phantom jelly, is the only known species in the monotypic genus of deep sea jellyfish, Stygiomedusa. It is in the Ulmaridae family. With only around 118 sightings in 110 years, it is a jellyfish that is rarely seen, but believed to be widespread throughout the world, with the exception of the Arctic Ocean.

Cystostereum is a genus of crust fungi in the family Cystostereaceae. The generic name combines the Greek word ("bladder") with Stereum.

Stallingsia is a genus of butterflies in the skipper family, Hesperiidae.

Turnerina is a genus of skippers in the family Hesperiidae.

Meruliopsis is a genus of poroid crust fungi. The genus was circumscribed by Russian mycologist Appollinaris Semenovich Bondartsev in 1959.

Austroconops is a genus of flies belonging to the family Ceratopogonidae (no-see-ums or biting midges).

REDIRECT List of Triaenonychidae species

Acanthoibidion is a genus of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. The only species in the genus is Acanthoibidion chevrolatii. It was described by White in 1855.