Taxa described in 1981

The Lyophyllaceae is a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. A 2008 estimate indicated eight genera and 157 species; , the Catalog of Life lists 13 genera in the family. The taxon was originally circumscribed in 1938 by mycologist Robert Kühner as the tribe Lyophylleae (in the family Tricholomataceae), but raised to the taxonomic rank of family and renamed the Lyophyllaceae by Walter Jülich in 1981.

Atheliales is an order of mostly corticioid or athelioid fungi placed under the Agaricomycetidae subclass. It was first described by Walter Jülich in 1981 along with 4 families, Lobuliciaceae, Atheliaceae, Byssocorticiaceae and Pilodermataceae. Another family was discovered in 2020 called Tylosporaceae. It contains roughly 100 described species in 20 genera with varied ecological diversity. Most species have relatively simple gross morphology and do not have a lot of diagnostic characters. They produce crust-like fruiting bodies attached loosely to their substrate.

Atheliaceae is a family of mostly corticioid fungi placed in the order Atheliales. Both the order and the family were described by the Swiss mycologist Walter Jülich in 1981 along with three other families, Lobuliciaceae, Byssocorticiaceae, Pilodermataceae and Tylosporaceae discovered in 2020. According to a 2008 estimate, the family contains 20 genera and approximately 100 species. However, many genera formerly considered to belong in the Atheliaceae have since been moved to other families, including Amylocorticiaceae, Albatrellaceae, and Hygrophoraceae. Despite being a relatively small group

Gyrocheilos is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Gesneriaceae.

Yarrowia is a fungal genus in the family Dipodascaceae. For a while the genus was monotypic, containing the single species Yarrowia lipolytica, a yeast that can use unusual carbon sources, such as hydrocarbons. Molecular phylogenetics analysis has revealed several other species that have since been added to the genus.

Gyrogyne is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Gesneriaceae.

Xamiatus is a genus of spiders in the family Microstigmatidae. It is endemic to Australia and was first described in 1981 by Robert Raven.

Dryolestida is an extinct order of mammals, known from the Jurassic and Cretaceous. They are considered basal members of the clade Cladotheria, close to the ancestry of therian mammals. It is also believed that they developed a fully mammalian jaw and also had the three middle ear bones. Most members of the group, as with most Mesozoic mammals, are only known from fragmentary tooth and jaw remains.

The Lentariaceae are a family of fungi belonging in what is classically known as the Gomphales order, or cladistically as the gomphoid-phalloid clade. First described by Swiss mycologist Walter Jülich in 1981, the family has 3 genera and 23 species.

Tepuianthus is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Thymelaeaceae.

Degelia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Pannariaceae. The genus is named after Swedish lichenologist Gunnar Degelius.

Nothocissus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Vitaceae. It contains a single species, Nothocissus spicifera, a liana native to Peninsular Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Borneo, and Sumatra.

Tylothallia is a genus of lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. It was circumscribed by German lichenologist Harald Kilias in 1981.

Pegleromyces is a genus of fungi in the family Tricholomataceae. It is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Pegleromyces collybioides, found in Brazil, and described as new to science by mycologist Rolf Singer in 1981.

The Microstromataceae are a family of fungi in the class Exobasidiomycetes. The family was circumscribed by Swiss mycologist Walter Jülich in 1986. Microstromataceae contains two genera (Microstroma and Sympodiomycopsis), which collectively contain five species.

Belemia is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Nyctaginaceae.

Metapetrocosmea is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Gesneriaceae. It includes ten species native to southern China, Hainan, and Vietnam.

Microtheliopsidaceae is a family of fungi in the order Chaetothyriales. It contains four genera: Byrsomyces, Chaetomonodorus, Micropyrenula, and Microtheliopsis.

Dolichothrix is a genus of flowering plants in the family of Asteraceae.

Dawsophila is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).

Lichenothelia is a genus of fungi in the family Lichenotheliaceae. The genus was established in 1981 by David L. Hawksworth and includes 13 recognised species. These fungi form thin black crusts on rocks and other surfaces, producing distinctive dome-shaped fruiting bodies that eventually develop a dish-like depression in the centre. The genus represents the type of its own order, Lichenotheliales, which was created to accommodate these and related rock-dwelling fungi.

Cyanodermella is a genus of fungi within the family Stictidaceae. It contains five species.

Faerberia is a fungal genus in the family Polyporaceae. It is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Faerberia carbonaria, which is commonly known as the firesite funnel due to its habitat of burned soil.

The Tetragoniomycetaceae are a family of fungi in the order Trichosporonales. The family currently contains four genera. Several species are only known from their yeast states.

Skyttea is a genus of lichenicolous (lichen-dwelling) fungi in the family Cordieritidaceae.

Lecidoma is a single-species fungal genus in the family Lecideaceae. It is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Lecidoma demissum, a crustose lichen. This lichen forms thick, cushion-like crusts up to 12 cm across that are dark brown to grey-brown and broken into tightly packed, slightly swollen blocks giving a lumpy appearance, with glossy black to reddish-brown fruiting bodies dotting the upper surface.

Microbriza is a genus of grasses. It includes two species native to southern Brazil. Microbriza brachychaete Microbriza poomorpha

Lyophyllum is a genus of fungus in the Lyophyllaceae family. The genus is monotypic, containing the single species Lyophyllopsis keralensis, found in India.