Taxa described in 2010

Litostigma is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Gesneriaceae.

Hymenopellis is a genus of fungi in the family Physalacriaceae. The genus was circumscribed by mycologist Ron Petersen in 2010. The type species is Hymenopellis radicata, originally described by British botanist Richard Relhan in 1780 as Agaricus radicatus.

Peptostreptococcaceae is a family of Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria in the class Clostridia. A majority of members are identified as obligate anaerobes. The bacteria can be found in humans, vertebrates, manure, soil and hydrothermal vents. Peptostreptococcaceae metabolize via fermentation producing a variety of short-chain fatty acids. The bacteria are important in the digestion process of many ruminants, and in the oral health of vertebrates. Shape of the bacteria varies from cocci, rods or filaments, among species. Most strains fall within the size of 0.6-0.9 μm.

Armadillagraecia is a genus of tettigoninae kadydids from the Conocephalinae family found in north Australian savannas, particularly in the wet season.

Antipathozoanthus is a genus of macrocnemic zoanthid in the family Parazoanthidae.

Wirthiotrema is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Graphidaceae. These tropical bark-dwelling lichens form yellow-green to light olive crusts with small, disc-like fruiting bodies that open through tiny circular pores. The genus contains six species found in lowland to mountain forests across tropical regions worldwide.

Halonotius (common abbreviation Hns.) is a genus of halophilic archaea in the family of Halorubraceae.

Halogranum (common abbreviation Hgn.) is a genus of halophilic archaea in the family Haloferacaceae.

Chautemsia is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Gesneriaceae. It includes a single species, Chautemsia calcicola, which is native to Minas Gerais state in southeastern Brazil.

Phanerodontia is a genus of four species of crust fungi in the family Phanerochaetaceae. The genus was circumscribed by mycologists Kurt Hjortstam and Leif Ryvarden in 2010 with Phanerodontia dentata as the type species.

Hawaiiandra is a monotypic genus of long-horned beetles in the family Cerambycidae containing the only species Hawaiiandra puncticeps.

Guyanagaster is a genus of fungi in the family Physalacriaceae. The genus contains two wood-decaying sequestrate species Guyanagaster necrorhizus and Guyanagaster lucianii. The species, found in the neotropical rainforests of the Guiana Shield, was first described scientifically in 2010.