Thought experiments in philosophy

allegory by Plato

analogy devised by Bertrand Russell

thought experiment concerning the continuity of identity of an item which has all its parts replaced

philosophical paradox regarding free will

philosophical idea of a person having a unique existence

thought experiment

Platonic dialogue

hypothesis that reality could be a computer simulation

work by philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein

philosophical problem about whether justified true belief always counts as knowledge

dilemma between painful truth and blissful ignorance

thought experiment about the impossibility of proving any truth: in response to repeated "but why?"s, only the circular argument, infinite regress, or axiomatic argument are possible

philosophical thought experiment: “if a man born blind, who can feel the differences between shapes, is given the ability to see, could he distinguish those objects by sight?”

state of nature where individuals determine the structure of society ignorant of their position

book by C.S. Lewis

paradox that, while it is reasonable to believe that any particular lottery ticket won’t win, it is unreasonable to believe that no lottery ticket will win

Thought experiment in philosophy

American artist and philosopher

Avicenna’s thought experiment arguing for the existence of the soul

a thought experiment on the philosophy of identity