Titles in Afghanistan

thumb|Suleiman the Magnificent, the longest-reigning [[sultan of the Ottoman Empire|281x281px]]

ruler in Mongol and Turkic cultures, variously describing kings, princes, and governors

thumb|The court of the Durrani Empire|Durrani Emirate of [[Afghanistan (James Rattray, 1839)]] Emir (; ' (), also transliterated as amir, is a word of Arabic origin that can refer to a male monarch, aristocrat, holder of high-ranking military or political office, or other person possessing actual or ceremonial authority. The title has a history of use in West Asia, East Africa, West Africa, Central Asia, and South Asia. In the modern era, when used as a formal monarchical title, it is roughly synonymous with "prince", applicable both to a son of a hereditary monarch, and to a reigning monarch

thumb|345x345px|An illustrated Portrait of Mohammad Shah Qajar|Muhammad Shah Qajar and his Vizier Haj Mirza Aghasi in Iran during the 19th century. Vizier's roles as advisors in courts evolved over time, becoming an important part of official government institutions.

Padishah (; ) is a superlative sovereign title of Persian origin.

administrative title that was used during the Caliphate and Ottoman Empire to designate governors of administrative divisions

Khatun ( ) is a title of the female counterpart to a khan or a khagan.

thumb|Prime Minister of Iran|Sardar-I-Azam, Prince [[Abdol Majid Mirza of Qajar Persia .]] right|thumb|Pakistani President Ayub Khan (general)|Ayub Khan and First Lady [[Jacqueline Kennedy with the prized gelding "Sardar".]] right|thumb|List of Ottoman Grand Viziers|Grand Vizier [[Ahmet Tevfik Pasha, the last Ottoman Serdar-ı Azam.]] right|thumb|Serdar (Ottoman rank)|Serdar [[Janko Vukotić of the Principality and Kingdom of Montenegro.]]

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thumb|Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat was referred to as the "rais"

Islamic title reserved for a few Muslim women rulers

Indo-Iranian honorific term