Toponymy

Toponymy, toponymics, or toponomastics is the study of toponyms (names of places, also known as place names and geographical names), including their origins, meanings, usage, and types. Toponym is the general term for the name of any geographical feature, and the full scope of the term also includes names of all cosmographical features.

A hydronym (from , , "water" and , , "name") is a type of toponym that designates a proper name of a body of water. Hydronyms include the proper names of rivers and streams, lakes and ponds, swamps and marshes, seas and oceans. As a subset of toponymy, a distinctive discipline of hydronymy (or hydronomastics) studies the proper names of all bodies of water, the origins and meanings of those names, and their development and transmission through history.

linguistic terms

database of geographical objects

proper name of a thoroughfare

expert group on toponyms

proper name of a locality

generic term for an ancient or medieval fort

financial transaction and form of advertising whereby a corporation or other entity purchases the right to name a facility or event, typically for a defined period of time

book

Africanization or Africanisation (lit., making something African) has been applied in various contexts, notably in geographic and personal naming and in the composition of the civil service via processes such as indigenization.

inter-departmental body in the United Kingdom established in 1919

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renaming of geographical sites in Palestine/Israel

Samvatas (also Sambatas, ) is a historical name for Kyiv or its fortress. It is attested in the 10th century by the Byzantine emperor Constantine Porphyrogenitus, who reports in the treatise De Administrando Imperio (c. 948) regarding the "fortress of Kioava, called Sambatas". It is a hapax legomenon; the toponym is not mentioned anywhere else.

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Dievoet () is a place name from which the surnames Van Dievoet and Vandievoet are derived.

thumb|right|Saint-Rémy-lès-Chevreuse station thumb|right|Flines-lès-Mortagne, near [[Mortagne-du-Nord]] The word lès (, and with liaison) is an archaic French preposition meaning "near", "nearby", or "next to". Today it occurs only in place names to distinguish places with the same name.

etymology of placenames derived from Celtic languages

historical geography of ancient Israel / Holy land