Tribes in classical historiography

The Georgians, or Kartvelians (; , ), are a nation and Caucasian ethnic group native to present-day Georgia and surrounding areas historically associated with the Georgian kingdoms. Significant Georgian diaspora communities are also present throughout Russia, Turkey, Greece, Iran, Ukraine, the United States, and the European Union.

thumb|300px|Sarmatian cataphracts depicted on [[Trajan's Column, 2nd century CE.]]

ethnic group of South Caucasian origin

Tyrrhenians (Attic Greek: Turrhēnoi) or Tyrsenians (Ionic: Tursēnoi; Doric: Tursānoi) was the name used by the ancient Greeks to refer, in a generic sense, to non-Greek people, in particular pirates. While ancient sources have been interpreted in a variety of ways, the Greeks always called the Etruscans Tyrsenoi, although not all Tyrsenians were Etruscans. The term "Tyrrhenians" was sometimes used by ancient writers to refer to other ethnic groups in central-western Italy, such as the Latins. Dionysius of Halicarnassus stated that the Greeks once called Latins, Umbrians, Ausonians, and others

250px|thumb|Chalybes in a map of the voyage of the Argonauts by [[Abraham Ortelius, 1624]]

The Issedones () were an ancient people of Central Asia at the end of the trade route leading north-east from Scythia, described in the lost Arimaspeia of Aristeas, by Herodotus in his History (IV.16-25) and by Ptolemy in his Geography. Like the Massagetae to the south, the Issedones are described by Herodotus as similar to, yet distinct from, the Scythians. __TOC__

The Nasamones () mentioned by Herodotus (c. 484–425 BCE), were a nomadic Berber tribe inhabiting the coastal region of the Gulf of Sirte and traveling inland to the oasis of Augila where men lived around a spring of water and migrated at fixed seasons each year. During the summer, they left their flocks by the sea and journeyed to Augila to gather dates from the palm trees where they grew in great abundance. They also hunted locusts, which they dried in the sun, ground into powder, and sprinkled into milk to drink. They were believed to be a Numidian people.

thumb|right|380px|Tibareni occupied the country between the Chalybes and the [[Mosynoeci, on the east of the river Iris.]]

thumb|A Sagartian, Apadana, [[Persepolis.]] thumb|upright|Behistun relief of Tritantaechmes. Label "This is Tritantaechmes. He lied, saying 'I am king of Sagartia, from the family of Cyaxares.'" The Sagartians (; Sagártioi; Old Persian: 𐎠𐎿𐎥𐎼𐎫𐎡𐎹 Asagartiya "Sagartian"; Elamite: 𒀾𒐼𒋼𒀀𒋾𒅀 Aš-šá-kar-ti-ia, Babylonian: 𒆳𒊓𒂵𒅈𒋫𒀀𒀀 KURSa-ga-ar-ta-a-a) were an ancient Iranian tribe, dwelling in the Iranian plateau. Their exact location is unknown; they were probably neighbors of the Parthians in northeastern Iran. According to Herodotus (1.125, 7.85), they were related to the Persians (

250px|thumb|Heniochi in a map of the voyage of the Argonauts by [[Abraham Ortelius, 1624]] The Heniochi (, Heníochoi "charioteers") were an ancient tribe inhabiting northwest shores of Colchis (present-day Abkhazia, northwestern Georgia) and some say Phasis area. Their country was called Heniocheia ().

The Machelones () (Machelônes, Machelonoi; ) were a Colchian tribe located to the far south of the Phasis (modern-day Rioni River, western Georgia). There are several references to them in Classical sources. This group may be the Machorones of Pliny (NH 6.4.11) who placed them between the Ophis (modern Of, Turkey) and Prytanis rivers.

250px|thumb|Mosinoeci (lower centre) in a map of the voyage of the Argonauts by [[Abraham Ortelius, 1624]] Mossynoeci (, , , modern Greek '''', "dwellers in wooden towers") is a name that the Greeks of the Euxine Sea (Black Sea) applied to the peoples of Pontus, the northern Anatolian coast west of Trebizond. The Mossynoeci were believed to be of proto-Georgian origin.

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The Psylli (Seli) were a native Libyan tribe inhabiting Ancient Libya.

The Phasians ( Pazielebi; Phasianoi; ) were an ancient tribe located in the eastern part of Pontus. The Greek commander Xenophon, who encountered them during his march through Asia Minor to the Black Sea (401–400 BC), places them on the river Phasis. Here, the Phasis of Xenophon is not the common Graeco-Roman designation for the modern day Rioni River in Georgia (called Phasis in Greek), but rather the sources of Araxes in what is now northeastern Turkey. At the time when Xenophon met them, the Phasians were in control of the long valley to the north of Cilligül Dağ, and lived in the neighborh

250px|thumb|Taochi in a Colchis, Iberia, Albania etc. map by Guillaume Sanson, 1667 The Taochi, or Taochoi (, Taochebi; ) were a people of Anatolia in antiquity, known mainly from Greco-Roman ethnography. The Taochoi lived in a mountainous area of the Black Sea to the current borders of Georgia, Armenia, and Turkey. Their country was adjacent to those of the Chalybians and Phasians.

thumb|"Serbi" located near the mouth of the Volga in a map depicting Sarmatia Asiatica, 1770 The Serboi or Serbi () and Sirbi () was a tribe mentioned in Greco-Roman geography as living in the North Caucasus, believed by scholars to have been Sarmatian.

Drilae (, Drilebi) were an ancient western Georgian tribe, inhabiting mountainous coasts of the southern shores of the Black Sea. In the hinterland of Trapezus dwelt the Drilae (Dri/lai, Dri/llai), a Kartvelian tribe which was chronically at war with the Trapezuntians. In 401 BC their territory were invaded by Greek mercenaries, which is attested in Anabasis - the work of ancient Greek soldier and historian Xenophon. Xenophon records that they were most warlike of the pontic tribes and inhabited mountainous and inaccessible land. He also notes that their capital was so well fortified that even

The Sanigs () were a tribe inhabiting historical Heniochia, northwest shore of Kingdom of Colchis. Their ethnic identity is obscure and is the subject of a controversy. They are first attested in the works of Pliny, Arrian and Memnon of Heraclea.

Misimians () were a tribe in the western Caucasus living in the mountainous side of South Caucasus, north of Sokhumi.

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The Sanni () are mentioned by Strabo (1st century BC/1st century AD), Pliny the Elder (1st century AD) and Arrian (2nd century AD) as a people settling near Trebizond (in today's Turkish Black Sea Region). In the 1st and 2nd centuries AD, their territory extended to the north-east until the river Ophis, and covered both the littoral and the mountainous hinterland. Pliny grouped together the Sanni who lived in the region of Trebizond and the Heniochi as one single nation. He also mentions other Sanni, living further on the Colchis littoral, past the mouth of the Rioni.

250px|thumb|Zydrites in a map of Colchis, Caucasian Iberia and Caucasian Albania by Henri Liébaux, 1729 The Zydretae () (Zudrêtai or Zudreitai) were an ancient people of Colchis recorded by the Classical accounts as dwelling on the coast of the Pontus Euxinus (Black Sea), on the southern side of the Apsarus river (modern-day Çoruh/Chorokhi in the borderlands of Turkey and Georgia), and between the Machelonoi and the Lazi tribes. The early 2nd century Roman author Arrian lists several neighboring and probably ethnically related tribes on a west to east orientation: the Sannoi (Sanigs), Drilae,