Underwater diving disorders

Drowning is a type of suffocation induced by the submersion of the mouth and nose in a liquid. Submersion injury refers to both drowning and near-miss incidents. Most instances of fatal drowning occur alone or in situations where others present are either unaware of the victim's situation or unable to offer assistance. After successful resuscitation, drowning victims may experience breathing problems, confusion, or unconsciousness. Occasionally, victims may not begin experiencing these symptoms until several hours after they are rescued. An incident of drowning can also cause further complicat

toxicity due to exposure to carbon monoxide

condition resulting from the harmful effects of breathing molecular oxygen at increased partial pressures

Barotrauma is physical damage to body tissues caused by a difference in pressure between a gas space inside, or in contact with, the body and the surrounding gas or liquid. The initial damage is usually due to over-stretching the tissues in tension or shear, either directly by an expansion of the gas in the closed space or by pressure difference hydrostatically transmitted through the tissue. Tissue rupture may be complicated by the introduction of gas into the local tissue or circulation through the initial trauma site, which can cause blockage of circulation at distant sites or interfere wit

reversible narcotic effects of respiratory nitrogen at elevated partial pressures

vascular blockage by air bubbles

neurological and physiological disorder experienced by divers

Barodontalgia, commonly known as tooth squeeze, is a pain in a tooth caused by a change in ambient pressure. The pain usually ceases at return to the original pressure. Dental barotrauma is a condition in which such changes in ambient pressure cause damage to the dentition.

REDIRECT Motion sickness

also known as swimming-induced pulmonary edema

Aerosinusitis, also called barosinusitis, sinus squeeze or sinus barotrauma is a painful inflammation and sometimes bleeding of the membrane of the paranasal sinus cavities, normally the frontal sinus. It is caused by a difference in air pressures inside and outside the cavities.

disorders arising from ambient pressure reduction

loss of consciousness caused by cerebral hypoxia towards the end of a breath-hold dive

pressure injury to the middle ear

Dysbarism or dysbaric disorders are medical conditions resulting from changes in ambient pressure. Various activities are associated with pressure changes. Underwater diving is a frequently cited example, but pressure changes also affect people who work in other pressurized environments (for example, caisson workers), and people who move between different altitudes. A dysbaric disorder may be acute or chronic.