Virtual economies

economics-themed board game

2004 video game by Blizzard Entertainment

RuneScape is a fantasy massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) developed and published by Jagex, released in January 2001. RuneScape was originally a browser game built with the Java programming language; it was largely replaced by a standalone C++ client in 2016. The game has had over 300 million accounts created and was recognised by the Guinness World Records as the largest and most-updated free MMORPG.

2003 persistent-world massively multiplayer online video game

2002 video game

Habbo (formerly called Habbo Hotel) is a virtual world and massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG). It is owned and operated by Sulake. Founded in 2000, Habbo has expanded to nine online communities (or "hotels"), with users from more than 150 countries. , 316 million avatars have been registered in the game.

Zynga Inc. () is an American video game developer and publisher known for its social video game services. It was founded in April 2007, and it is owned by Take-Two Interactive since 2022, with headquarters in San Mateo, California. The company primarily focuses on mobile and social networking platforms. Zynga states its mission as "connecting the world through games".

EverQuest is a 3D fantasy-themed massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) originally developed by Verant Interactive and 989 Studios for Windows. It was released by Sony Online Entertainment in March 1999 in North America, and by Ubi Soft in Europe in April 2000. A dedicated version for Mac OS X was released in June 2003, which operated for ten years before being shut down in November 2013. In June 2000, Verant Interactive was absorbed into Sony Online Entertainment, which took over full development and publishing duties of the title. Later, in February 2015, SOE's parent corpor

massively multiplayer space trading combat video game

Neopets is a free-to-play virtual pet browser game. First launched in 1999, the game allows users to own virtual pets ("Neopets") and explore a virtual world called "Neopia." Players can earn one of two virtual currencies. One currency, called Neopoints, can be obtained for free through on-site features like games, events, and contests. The other, Neocash (NC), is purchased with real-world money and can be exchanged for wearable items for pets.

2014 video game

2005 video game

emergent economy existing in a virtual persistent world, usually exchanging virtual goods in the context of an Internet game

2014 space trading and combat simulator

anime-centered social media and forum website

multiplayer video game

2001 video game

1984 video game

practice of playing online games to acquire in-game currency later selling it for real-world money

2003 video game

ArcheAge is an MMORPG developed by Korean developer Jake Song (former developer of Lineage) and his development company, XL Games. The game was released in Korea on January 15, 2013, and in Europe and North America on September 16, 2014. ArcheAge is described as a "sandpark" MMORPG, which the developers say is a hybrid of the open content style of a "sandbox" game and the more structured play experience of a "themepark" game. A sequel, ArcheAge Chronicles (formerly ArcheAge 2), was announced on September 24, 2024, as part of September PlayStation State of Play.

MMORPG video game

2017 video game

2011 video game

MMORPG by Jagex, based on a 2007 version of RuneScape

2013 video game

1993 video game

Twinity is a 3D online virtual world. Initially developed by Metaversum GmbH, it is currently held by ExitReality. The game offers its population, called Twinizens, to navigate around virtual (historical) versions of real-world cities, also called a mirror world or a Metaverse. A public beta began in September 2008, with the release of the first virtual city, Berlin, which later was followed by Singapore, London, Miami and New York. Twinity is built on BigWorld Technology and its economy is based on a free-to-play model.

Temtem is a massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) developed by Spanish developer Crema, and published by Humble Bundle. It was released in early access through Steam on January 21, 2020, and PlayStation 5 on December 8, 2020, with the Nintendo Switch and Xbox Series X/S versions released alongside the full release of the game on September 6, 2022. Temtem uses the Unity development engine, and is a creature-collection video game greatly inspired by the Pokémon series. The game was partly funded through the crowdfunding platform Kickstarter, from May to June 2018.

2003 video game

loot distribution system used by guilds in massively multiplayer online games

Evony (formerly known as Civony) is a multiplayer online game by American developer Evony LLC, set in the European medieval period. Two browser-based versions (Age 1 and Age 2) and a mobile version (''The King's Return'') exist. The game became notorious for its original ad campaign, which featured scantily clad women (including models from pornographic film covers) that had nothing to do with the game itself.

Nordeus is a Serbian mobile game developer headquartered in New Belgrade.

1989 video game