Virtue ethics

thumb|Cardinal and Theological Virtues, a 1511 portrait by Raphael A virtue () is a trait of excellence, including traits that may be moral, social, or intellectual. The cultivation and refinement of virtue is held to be the "good of humanity" and thus is valued as an end purpose of life or a foundational principle of being. In human practical ethics, a virtue is a disposition to choose actions that succeed in showing high moral standards: doing what is said to be right and avoiding what is wrong in a given field of endeavour, even when doing so may be unnecessary from a utilitarian perspectiv

thumb|upright|Henry Fuseli, [[Virtue reclaiming Youth from the arms of Vice, 1806–1807]]

thumb|Child wearing a child harness Paternalism is action that limits a person's or group's liberty or autonomy against their will and is intended to promote their own good. It has been defended in a variety of contexts as a means of protecting individuals from significant harm, supporting long-term autonomy, or promoting moral or psychological well-being. Such justifications are commonly found in public health policy, legal theory, medical ethics, and behavioral economics, where limited intervention is viewed as compatible with or even supportive of personal agency.

attitude or state of mind characterized by a general distrust of others' motives

thought experiment in ethics

universal moral laws incumbent upon humanity in the Jewish tradition

normative ethical theories

Righteousness is the quality or state of being morally right or justifiable. The concept is rooted in religious or divine law and broadly encompasses moral correctness, justice, and virtuous living as dictated by a higher authority or set of spiritual beliefs. It is found in many religions and traditions, including Buddhism, Christianity, Confucianism, Hinduism, Islam, Jainism, Judaism, Taoism, and Zoroastrianism. It is an attribute that implies that a person's actions are justified and can have the connotation that the person has been "judged" as living a moral life, relative to religious doc

Eudaimonia (also spelled eudaemonia; ; ) is a Greek word literally translating to the state or condition of good spirit, and which is commonly translated as happiness or welfare.

Extropianism, also referred to as the philosophy of extropy, is an "evolving framework of values and standards for continuously improving the human condition". Extropians believe that advances in science and technology will some day let people live indefinitely. An extropian may wish to contribute to this goal, e.g. by doing research and development or by volunteering to test new technology.

thumb|A teaching material in Ashikaga Gakko (Japan) to teach students the importance of moderations. The cup is inclined when it's empty. When you pour water into it, it goes upright. If you pour more water, it becomes inclined again.

attempt to offer a rational response to the question of how humans should best live

Approach to middle ground in Islam

evaluation of a particular individual's stable personal qualities

moral intellectualism is a view in meta-ethics according to which genuine moral knowledge must take the form of arriving at discursive moral judgements about what one should do

attitude of deep respect tinged with awe

non-Jew living in the Land of Israel who agrees to be bound by the Seven Laws of Noah

philosophical approach

Maternalism is the public expression of domestic values associated with motherhood. It centers on the language of motherhood to justify women's political activities, actions and validate state or public policies. Maternalism is an extension of "empowered motherhood." It defines itself as the extension of feminine moral values of nurturance and care and the home's social caring into a larger community. Under maternalism, the mother-child relationship is essential for maintaining a healthy society. All women are seen united and defined by their ability and shared responsibility to mother all chi

book by Alasdair MacIntyre

Italian noblewoman (1168–1226)