Volga Bulgaria

600s–1200s Bulgar state on the Volga River

Bolghar or Bolgar (; Tatar: Болгар, بلغار, Bolğar; Chuvash: Аслă Пăлхар, Aslă Pălhar) was intermittently the capital of Volga Bulgaria from the 10th to the 13th centuries, along with Bilyar and Nur-Suvar. It was situated on the bank of the Volga River, about 30 km downstream from its confluence with the Kama River and some 130 km from modern Kazan in what is now Spassky District. To the west of it lies a small modern town known as Bolgar since 1991. The UNESCO World Heritage Committee inscribed Bolgar Historical and Archaeological Complex (ancient Bolghar hill fort) to the World Heri

13th-century Volga Bulgarian poet

Bilär or Bilyarsk (; ) was a medieval city in Volga Bulgaria and its second capital before the Mongol invasion of Volga Bulgaria. It was located on the left bank of the Small Cheremshan River in Alexeeyevsky District of the Tatarstan. Its erstwhile location is from the current village of the same name and from Kazan.

Almış or Almuš (Almysh Elteber, Almish Yiltawar, , , ), iltäbär of the Volga Bulgars, is believed to have been the first Muslim ruler (emir) of Volga Bulgaria.

Hungarian explorer

thumb|upright=1.5|Trilingual coin of [[Tegin Shah towards the end of his reign. Iranian god Adur on the reverse. Obverse legend: "His Excellence, the Iltäbär of Khalaj, Worshipper of the highest God, His Excellence, the King, the divine Tegin […]". Date in Pahlavi: 728 CE]] An elteber ( or (h)elitbär; Chinese 頡利發 xié-lì-fā H-puat) was a client king of an autonomous but tributary tribe or polity in the hierarchy of the Turkic khaganates including Khazar Khaganate.

human settlement in Russia

1223–1236 invasions of the Bulgar state by the Mongol Empire

Barsils ~ Barsilts (Greek: Βαρσὴλτ Barsilt; Old Turkic 𐰋𐰼𐰾𐰠 *Bersel or Bärsil/Barsïl; Old Tibetan: Par-sil), were an Oghur Turkic semi-nomadic Eurasian tribe. Barsils might be identified with Bagrasik. Barsils are included in the list of steppe people living north of Derbend in the Late Antique Syrian compilation of Zacharias Rhetor, and are also mentioned in documents from the second half of the 6th century in connection with the westward migration of the Eurasian Avars. When the Avars arrived, according to Theophylact Simocatta, "the Barsilt (Barsilians), Onogurs, and Sabirs were struck

former duchy in modern Tatarstan

ruler of Volga Bulgaria from 1178-1225

1223 battle between Volga Bulgaria and Mongol Empire

Ashli or Aşlı (cv. Аскиль trn.Askil, ; pronounced ) was a mysterious medieval Volga Bulgarian town. In Russian chronicles it is known as Oshel ().

tombstones of the Golden Horde

Esegels (aka Izgil (), Äsägel, Askel, Askil, Ishkil, Izgil) were an Oghur Turkic dynastic tribe in the Middle Ages who joined and would be assimilated into the Volga Bulgars.

Şilki (pronounced ) or Šilki or Shilki, or possibly Jilki (posthumously Islamized as ˁAbdallāh; mid 9th to beginning of the 10th century) was a Volga Bulgarian ruler (iltäbär). According to the controversial History of Jaˁfar, Şilki was a descendant of Kubrat of "Old Great Bulgaria" (see genealogy below) according to the tradition that Volga Bulgaria was established by Kubrat's son, Kotrag. Şilki is credited with promoting the unification of the Bulgar tribes in the area, but the events of his reign are obscure or unverifiable. He is sometimes assumed to have initiated the conversion of the Vo

fabricated Russian-language translation of Volga Tatar historical material

Cükätaw (; ; ; ), also known as Zhukotin (), was a medieval Bolgar city during the 10th to 15th centuries CE. The city was situated on the right bank of the Kama, near the modern city of Chistopol.

1376 war between Muscovy and Bulgar Ulus (Qashan Principality, under Mamai's control)

1236 siege

human settlement in Penzensky District, Penza Oblast, Russia

Qashan () was a medieval city in Volga Bulgaria, on the right bank of Kama river from the 12th to the 15th century.