Waste management

thumb|270px|Simple sketch of household biogas plant

thumb|upright=1.3|Community-level composting in a rural area in Germany

generation, prevention, characterization, monitoring, treatment, handling, reuse and residual disposition of wastes

thumb|right|One of several landfills used by Dryden, Ontario, Canada

thumb|A midsummer bonfire in [[Seurasaari, Helsinki, Finland]] thumb|On the beaches of Duindorp (pictured) and [[Scheveningen, both part of The Hague, teams annually compete to build the world's largest bonfire]]

environmental practice of separating waste categories to make it easy to recycle

thumb|right|upright|The incineration plant in Vienna, [[Austria, designed by Friedensreich Hundertwasser]] thumb|right|upright|SYSAV waste-to-energy plant|SYSAV incineration plant in [[Malmö, Sweden, capable of handling per hour of household waste. To the left of the main stack, a new identical oven line is under construction (March 2007).]]

Efficiency is the often measurable ability to avoid making mistakes or wasting materials, energy, efforts, money, and time while performing a task. In a more general sense, it is the ability to do things well, successfully, and without waste.

product designed for a single use

method of body disposal

process of collecting waste

Sewage (or domestic sewage, domestic wastewater, municipal wastewater) is a type of wastewater that is produced by a community of people. It is typically transported through a sewer system. Sewage consists of wastewater discharged from residences and from commercial, institutional and public facilities that exist in the locality. Sub-types of sewage are greywater (from sinks, bathtubs, showers, dishwashers, and clothes washers) and blackwater (the water used to flush toilets, combined with the human waste that it flushes away). Sewage also contains soaps and detergents. Food waste may be prese

waste product from brewing coffee; used to adulterate pure coffee, to grow mushrooms, to stain wood, to freshen air, to make body soap scrubs, to treat wastewater, or to make biogas

hierarchy of decreasing favorability of actions to reduce resource waste and protect the natural environment

thumb|Microbial hydrogen production. Biohydrogen is H2 that is produced biologically. Interest is high in this technology because H2 is a clean fuel and can be readily produced from certain kinds of biomass, including biological waste. Furthermore some photosynthetic microorganisms are capable of producing H2 directly from water splitting using light as energy source.

thumb|right|upright=1.5|, with its distinct Friedensreich Hundertwasser|Hundertwasser facade, is providing [[combined heat and power in Vienna.]]

thumb|A public works employee analyzing collected recycling as part of a [[waste characterisation study]] Garbology is the study of modern garbage, especially post-consumer waste, in the fields of archeology and environmental science. Garbology is also the practice of searching for information in discarded materials as part of an investigation, including dumpster diving conducted by journalists, hackers, activists, and private investigators.

[[File:Bakhátas magaságyás 2.png|thumb|A schematic image of a Hügelkultur mound.

fermentation process for food waste and similar organic matter

practice of salvaging reusable or recyclable materials thrown away by others

involves the treatment and disposal of industrial, chemical, and biological waste to minimize environmental impact and ensure regulatory compliance.

building or processing site for the temporary deposition of waste

act of dumping waste illegally

funeral process

biodegradable product

facility that combusts waste to produce electricity

A bioeffector is a viable microorganism or active natural compound which directly or indirectly affects plant performance (biofertilizer), and thus has the potential to reduce fertilizer and pesticide use in crop production.

thumb|Langøyene, as seen from the hills of Ekeberg Langøyene is an island in Bunnefjorden in the inner part of Oslofjord, in the municipitality of Nesodden in Akershus, Norway. It is owned by the municipality of Oslo. Langøyene were originally two islands, Nordre Langøy and Søndre Langøy. The islands were bought by the municipitality of Kristiania in 1902, and the strait between the two islands has been filled with garbage deposits.

peat bog in the City of Salford, Greater Manchester, England

Remanufacturing is "the rebuilding of a product to specifications of the original manufactured product using a combination of reused, repaired and new parts". It requires the repair or replacement of worn out or obsolete components and modules. Parts subject to degradation affecting the performance or the expected life of the whole are replaced. Remanufacturing is a form of a product recovery process that differs from other recovery processes in its completeness: a remanufactured machine should match the same customer expectation as new machines.

toxic waste landfill in the Tosno district of the Leningrad region

practice and procedure for handling the human remains of a deceased person

practice of transfrontier shipment of waste from one country to another

used to dispose of animal waste, particularly that of cows and pigs

trash or garbage discarded by the end-consumers of products

thumb|Armon Knossos P1050995 A kouloura, or kouloures (Greek plural koulourai), is a circular subsurface pit with stone walls found in certain settlements within Ancient Crete, including the Minoan palaces at Phaistos, Knossos, and Malia. According to the stratigraphy, the kouloura were all constructed around MM II (1850–1750 BC).

thumb|Piles of scrap metal collected for the World War II effort, thumb|Collection of leftover scrap metal items

waste management history and processes

2009 film

Analysis of waste streams