Western Turkic Khaganate

Sasanian general and political leader (died 591)

former Khaganate

Zemarchus (, fl. ) was a Byzantine official, diplomat and traveller in the reign of Justin II.

640–712 Chinese expansion into Central Asia

Nushibi (Nu-shibi, ; Middle Chinese: *nuoXɕiɪt̚piɪt̚) was a Chinese collective name for five tribes of the right (western) wing in the Western Turkic Khaganate, and members of the "ten arrows" confederation found in Chinese literature (十箭 shíjiàn; ). The references to Nushibi appeared in Chinese sources in 651 and disappeared after 766. The Nushibi tribes occupied the lands of the Western Turkic Khaganate west of the Ili River of modern Kazakhstan.

583-603 civil war in the Göktürk Empire

thumb|right|The lands of the Duolu were in the Ili River Basin Duolu (Wade–Giles: To-lu; 603–651 as a minimum) was a tribal confederation in the Western Turkic Khaganate (c. 581–659). The Türgesh Khaganate (699–766) may have been founded by Duolu remnants.