Xerxes I

The fifth Achaemenid emperor (486–465 BC)

5th century BC queen of Halicarnassus, Kos, Nisyros and Kalymnos

invasion during the Greco-Persian Wars

gate in Persepolis, Iran

ancient canal cutting Athos peninsula

Ganjnameh () is located 12 km southwest of Hamadan (ancient Ecbatana) in western Iran, at an altitude of meters across Mount Alvand. The site is home to two trilingual Achaemenid royal inscriptions. The inscription on the upper left was created on the order of Achaemenid King Darius the Great (522–486 BC) and the one on the right by his son King Xerxes the Great (486–465 BC).

palace in Shush, Iran

thumb|Bubares was son of Megabazus. thumb|right|Bubares built the Xerxes Canal for the passage of the [[Second Persian invasion of Greece. Mount Athos peninsula from the stratosphere (at an altitude of 23 km), and simulation of the Xerxes Canal (seen from north).]] thumb|Northern end of the Xerxes Canal, now filled up. Bubares (, died after 480 BC) was a Persian nobleman and engineer in the service of the Achaemenid Empire of the 5th century BC. He was one of the sons of Megabazus, and a second-degree cousin of Xerxes I.

cuneiform inscription near Lake Van, present-day Turkey

1857 archaeological discovery

ancient Egyptian prophetic text

thumb|upright=1.35|The ancient Persian fort at Eion (left) and the mouth of the Strymon (right), seen from Ennea Hodoi ([[Amphipolis).]]

bridges constructed during second Persian invasion of Greece

Egyptian alabaster jar