Welsh textile manufacturer and social reformer (1771–1858)
Robert Owen was a Welsh textile manufacturer and social reformer who lived from 1771 to 1858 and became known for advocating improved working conditions and communal living arrangements as solutions to social problems. His ideas and experiments with factory reform and utopian communities made him an influential early figure in the development of socialism and cooperative movements.
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Robert Owen (/ˈoʊɪn/; 14 May 1771 – 17 November 1858) was a Welsh textile manufacturer, philanthropist, political philosopher and social reformer, and a founder of utopian socialism and the co-operative movement. He strove to improve factory working conditions, promoted experimental socialistic communities, sought a more collective approach to child-rearing, and 'believed in lifelong education, establishing an Institute for the Formation of Character and School for Children that focused less on job skills than on becoming a better person'.
Having trained as a draper in Stamford in Lincolnshire, England, Owen worked in London before relocating at age 18 to Manchester and textile manufacturing. He gained wealth in the early 1800s from a textile mill at New Lanark in Lanarkshire, Scotland. In 1824, he moved to the USA and put most of his fortune in an experimental socialistic community at New Harmony, Indiana, as a preliminary for his utopian society. It lasted about two years. Other Owenite communities also failed, and in 1828 Owen returned to London, where he continued to champion the working class, lead in developing co-operatives and the trade union movement, and support child labour legislation and free co-educational schools.
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· 1988 · cited 94,860x
· 2011 · cited 55,855x
· 2009 · cited 45,419x
· 2003 · cited 44,683x
· 1996 · cited 38,889x
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