down

noun

soft feathers or fur
relative direction opposite to up

L31929 on Wikidata ↗

verb

cause to fall/come down
eat, consume, finishing off

L331542 on Wikidata ↗

preposition

No English definition recorded for this entry.

L333880 on Wikidata ↗

adjective

spatial: movement/location toward the bottom of some framework
into the background' sense-- away from the anchor. Progression along a path is more naturally considered this way than down-06 in the absence of an entity providing vantage from the endpoint. (use this for 'go' perspectives)
into the foreground sense-- toward the anchor. Use this for 'come' perspectives
on board, willing to participate
lower; part/whole; be the bottom-most portion of

L336251 on Wikidata ↗

adverb

in the direction of gravity's pull

L3997 on Wikidata ↗

Wiktionary

Pronunciation: /ˈdaʊ̯n/ / /ˈdʌʊ̯n/ / [dəu̯n] / /daʊn/

adj

Etymology: Etymology tree Old English of- Proto-Germanic *dūnaz? Proto-Indo-European *dewh₂- Proto-Indo-European *-nós Proto-Indo-European *duh₂-nós? Proto-Celtic *dūnomder.? Proto-West Germanic *dūnā Old English dūne Old English ofdūne Old English adūne Old English dūne Middle English doun English down From Middle English doun, doune (“down”), from Old English dūne (“down”), aphetic form of adūne (“down, downward”), from earlier ofdūne (“down”, literally “off the hill”), from of (“of, off of”) + dūn (“hill, mount, dune, down”). More at Etymology 2 below. For the development from directional phrases to prepositions, compare Old Frisian dene (“down”, adverb, literally “(to the) floor”), Middle Low German dāle (“down, downwards”, literally “(in/to the) dale/valley”), whence German Low German dal (“down”). Compare also Saterland Frisian deel (“down”, literally “to/into the dale”), West Frisian del (“down”). Cognate with Scots doon (“down”).

Facing downwards.
“Turn the cloth over so that the patterned side is down.”
“You win a dollar if the down side of the card is different to the up side; otherwise, you lose a dollar.”
At a lower level than before.
“The stock market is down.”
“Prices are down.”
Sad, unhappy, depressed, feeling low.
“Mary seems very down since she split up with her boyfriend.”
“Been down so long it seems like up to me”
Sick, wounded, or damaged:
“He is down with the flu.”
Sick, wounded, or damaged:
“We have an officer down outside the suspect's house.”
“There are three soldiers down and one walking wounded.”
Sick, wounded, or damaged:
“a down cow”
Sick, wounded, or damaged:
“We have a chopper down near the river.”
Sick, wounded, or damaged:
“The system is down.”
In prison.
“I'm a TS who has been down for over 5 years and will be going up for parole in the next 1 to 3 years.”
Having a lower score than an opponent.
“They are down by 3–0 with just 5 minutes to play.”
“He was down by a bishop and a pawn after 15 moves.”
Out.
“Two down and one to go in the bottom of the ninth.”
Negative about; hostile to.
“She's been down on clams since a bad case of food poisoning; she's lost her appetite for them.”
“The prisoners here are down on gays (they bring the outside in here with them when they come in). I sometimes think they hate us because they fear to be us.”
Comfortable [with]; accepting [of]; okay [with].
“Near-synonyms: feel like, would like, fancy”
“He's chill enough; he'd probably be totally down with it.”
Accepted, respected, or loyally participating in the (thug) community.
“What you mean, 'No'? Man, I thought you was down.”
“my homies is down so don't arouse my anger”
Finished (of a task); defeated or dealt with (of an opponent or obstacle); elapsed (of time). Often coupled with to go (remaining).
“Two down and three to go.”
“Ten minutes down and nothing's happened yet.”
Thoroughly practiced, learned or memorised; mastered. (Compare down pat.)
“It's two weeks until opening night and our lines are still not down yet.”
“I stay with Chloe the longest. When she's not hanging out at the beach parties, she lives in a Japanese garden complete with an arched bridge spanning a pond filled with koi of varying sizes and shapes. Reeds shoot out of the water, rustling when the fish swim through them, and river-washed stones are sprinkled in a bed of sand. Chloe has this whole new Japanese thing down.”
Downright; absolute; positive.
“This, he muſt give me leave to tell him, is an abſolute, right down—falſehood.”
Fallen or felled.
“Left again at 1.05 p.m., and for two miles it was over rolling county with easy grades, but a good deal of down timber.”
“The mere fact that there are quantities of trees near by with "loads” of down wood, does not signify that it is desirable camp fuel.”
Travelling in the direction leading away from the principal terminus, away from milepost zero.
“The down train leaves at 10:05.”

adv

From a higher position to a lower one; downwards.
“The cat jumped down from the table.”
“She was so mad she wouldn't speak to me for quite a spell, but at last I coaxed her into going up to Miss Emmeline's room and fetching down a tintype of the missing Deacon man.”
To or towards what is considered the bottom of something, irrespective of whether this is presently physically lower.
“Go down to the bottom of the page.”
“As I lay on my back, a pain shot down from my neck to my waist.”
At a lower or further place or position along a set path.
“His place is farther down the road.”
“The company was well down the path to bankruptcy.”
To the south (as south is at the bottom of typical maps).
“I went down to Miami for a conference.”
Away from the city (regardless of direction).
“He went down to Cavan.”
“down on the farm”
At or towards any place that is visualised as 'down' by virtue of local features or local convention, or arbitrarily, irrespective of direction or elevation change.
“She lives down by the park.”
Forward, straight ahead.
“At the first intersection turn left and walk down, then turn right.”
In the direction leading away from the principal terminus, away from milepost zero.
Away from Oxford or Cambridge.
“He's gone back down to Newcastle for Christmas.”
To a subordinate or less prestigious position or rank.
“Smith was sent down to the minors to work on his batting.”
“After the incident, Kelly went down to Second Lieutenant.”
Towards the opponent's side (in ball-sports).
“The charity match, played Sunday afternoon at Cirencester Park Polo Club in Gloucestershire, reached a dramatic climax when Prince Harry tore down the pitch but failed to score what was described as an “open goal”.”
“By moving further down the pitch, the batsman lengthens the distance between the ball and the stumps.”
So as to lessen quantity, level or intensity.
“You need to tone down the rhetoric.”
“Please turn the music down!”
So as to reduce size, weight or volume.
“Trim the stick down to a length of about twelve inches.”
“Thanks to my strict diet, I've slimmed down to eleven stone.”
From less to greater detail.
“This spreadsheet lets you drill down to daily or even hourly sales figures.”
“Economics is a messy discipline: too fluid to be a science, too rigorous to be an art. Perhaps it is fitting that economists’ most-used metric, gross domestic product (GDP), is a tangle too. GDP measures the total value of output in an economic territory. Its apparent simplicity explains why it is scrutinised down to tenths of a percentage point every month.”
From a remoter or higher antiquity.
“These traditions have been handed down over generations.”
“Venerable men! you have come down to us from a former generation.”
Into a state of non-operation.
“The computer has been shut down.”
“They closed the shop down.”
So as to secure or compress something to the floor, ground, or other (usually horizontal) surface.
“We need to nail down this carpet so people don't keep tripping over it.”
On paper (or in a durable record).
“You need to write down what happened while it's still fresh in your mind.”
So as to be cowed into silence.
“The speaker was heckled and shouted down.”
“The comedy club's audience was known for hooting down timid performers.”
As a down payment.
“We put £100 down on a new sofa.”
“You can have it, no money down.”
In a downwards direction; vertically.
“I'm stuck on 11 down.”
Used with verbs to indicate that the action of the verb was carried to some state of completion, permanence, or success rather than being of indefinite duration.
“He closed operations. / He closed down operations.”
“He chased answers. / He chased down answers.”
Get down.
“Down, boy! (such as to direct a dog to stand on four legs from two, or to sit from standing on four legs.)”

name

Etymology: From Irish dún (“fortress, stronghold”).

One of the six traditional counties of Northern Ireland, usually known as County Down.
A surname.

noun

Soft, fluffy immature feathers which grow on young birds. Used as insulating material in duvets, sleeping bags and jackets.
The pubescence of plants; the hairy crown or envelope of the seeds of certain plants, such as the thistle.
“Down or Cotton-Thiſtle. This hath many large Leaves lying on the Ground, ſomewhat cut in, and as it were crumpled on the Edges, of a green Colour on the upper ſide, but covered with long hairy Wool or Cottony Down, ſet with moſt ſharp and cruel pricks”
“No candle should light it, neither should any flower adorn it, save for several dried stalks of old and withered thistles, their heads pale with silken down, held in a common glass jar.”
The soft hair of the face when beginning to appear.
“But love him as he was, when youthful Grace, And the firſt Down began to ſhade his face”
“The servant to whom he put this question was a young fellow with chubby cheeks, small, dull eyes, and a round chin, covered with a colorless down.”
That which is made of down, as a bed or pillow; that which affords ease and repose, like a bed of down.
“Thou boſom Softneſs! Down of all my Cares! I cou'd recline my thoughts upon this Breaſt To a forgetfulneſs of all my Griefs, And yet be happy: but it wonnot be.”
“When in the down I sink my head, Sleep, Death's twin brother, times my breath.”

prep

From the higher end to the lower of.
“The ball rolled down the hill.”
“We expressed our readiness, and in ten minutes were in the station wagon, rolling rapidly down the long drive, for it was then after nine. We passed on the way the van of the guests from Asquith.”
From north to south of.
“We sailed down the eastern seaboard.”
Towards the mouth of (a river); in the direction of flow of.
“In this game we float sticks down the river.”
From one end to another of (in any direction); along.
“The bus went down the street.”
“They walked down the beach holding hands.”
At (a given place that is seen as removed from one's present location or other point of reference).
“I'll see you later down the pub.”
To (a given place that is seen as removed from one's present location or other point of reference).
“I'm going down the shops.”

verb

To cover, ornament, line, or stuff with down.
“What pain to quit the world, just made their own, Their nest so deeply downed, and built so high !”