espalier

noun

plant that has been managed for the production of fruit by pruning and tying branches to a flat frame or wall

Pronunciation: /ɪˈspalɪə/ / /-ˈpæl.i.eɪ/ / /ɛs-/

Etymology: Borrowed from French espalier, from Italian spalliera, from spalla (“shoulder”).

A latticework used to shape or train the branches of a tree or shrub into a two-dimensional ornamental or useful design, as along a wall or fence.
“The garment stalls carried the traditional blue vine-dressers' outfits, sunhats, and the great willow pitchforks grown in espalier at villages like Sauve.”
A plant that has been shaped in this manner.
“It is on this rocky surface that one finds many of the growth forms associated with extreme life conditions: polsters, mat plants, espaliers.”
A row of plants that have been shaped in this manner.
“Often some night-animal, hedgehog or weasel, setting out on the hunt, disturbed the lovers, or sometimes they heard a ripe peach falling all alone from the espalier.”

Etymology: Borrowed from French espalier, from Italian spalliera, from spalla (“shoulder”).