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fertilization

noun

  1. union of gametes of opposite sexes during the process of sexual reproduction to form a zygote
  2. causing growth of life from existing seed (farming or reproduction)
L227374 on Wikidata ↗

Wiktionary

noun

Etymology: From French fertilisation; equivalent to fertilize + -ation.

  1. The act or process of rendering fertile.
  2. The act of fecundating or impregnating the gametes of animals, plants, etc.; including the process by which in flowers the pollen renders the ovule fertile, an analogous process in flowerless plants, or the joining of sperm and egg in animals.

    In plants, the ability to recognize self from nonself plays an important role in fertilization, because self-fertilization will result in less diverse offspring than fertilization with pollen from another individual.

  3. The act of applying fertilizer to soil.