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roughly

adverb

  1. in a rough manner
  2. approximately
L12603 on Wikidata ↗

Wiktionary

Pronunciation: /ˈɹʌf.li/

adv

Etymology: Etymology tree English rough Proto-Indo-European *leyg-der. Proto-Germanic *līkąder. Proto-Germanic *-līkaz Proto-Germanic *-ê Proto-Germanic *-līkê Proto-West Germanic *-līkē Old English -līċe Middle English -ly English -ly English roughly From rough + -ly.

  1. In a rough manner; without kindness, softness, or gentleness.

    They treated the prisoners roughly [...] slashing pitilessly with their whips to drive them as wretched animals before them.

  2. Unevenly or irregularly.
  3. Without precision or exactness; imprecisely but close to in quantity or amount; approximately.

    Satanism can be divided, roughly, into two branches: the Luciferians and the Palladists.

    Of the roughly 400 emerging infectious diseases that have been identified since 1940, more than 60% are zoonotic: ie they came from animals. Throughout history this has been common.