sadness

noun

emotional pain associated with, or characterized by, feelings of disadvantage, loss, despair, grief, helplessness, disappointment and sorrow

Pronunciation: /ˈsædnəs/

Etymology: From Middle English sadnesse, equivalent to sad + -ness.

The state or emotion of being sad.
“But sorrow that is couch'd in seeming gladness Is like that mirth fate turns to sudden sadness.”
“I mean not then under the name of Sadneſs to defend effeminate Bewailings and Lamentations; let them that ſubject themſelves to this weakeſt Impatience, be alſo ſubject to the Lycian Law, that bound theſe kind of Lamenters to be array'd like Women: […]”
An event in one's life that causes sadness.
“She has experienced many sadnesses in her forty years.”