substrate

noun

material existing or extracted from beneath the topsoil, including sand, chalk and clay; materials used in building foundations or else incorporated into plaster, brick, ceramic and concrete components, which are sometimes called 'filler' products
solid (usually planar) substance onto which a layer of another substance is applied, and to which that second substance adheres; (in solid-state electronics) thin slice of material. These serve as the foundation upon which electronic devices
molecule upon which an enzyme acts
(in a converting process such as printing or coating) base material onto which, e.g. images, will be printed
surface on which an organism lives
term used in materials science to describe the base material on which processing is conducted

Pronunciation: /ˈsʌbˌstɹeɪt/ / /ˈsɐbˌstɹæɪt/

Etymology: Anglicization of substratum.

Etymology: Anglicization of substratum.

An underlying layer; a substratum.
The substance lining the bottom edge of an enclosure.
“The substrate of an aquarium can affect the water's acidity.”
“Stream substrate affects fish longevity.”
A substance acted upon, as by an enzyme.
A surface on which an organism grows, or to which an organism or an item is attached.
“The rock surface of a rockpool is the substrate for a sessile organism such as a limpet.”
“This definition [of "tool"] is not simple, but contains several elements. The tool must not be part of the animal's body (a beak is not a tool); the user must manipulate the tool in some way for it to realise its function; and, finally, a tool cannot be attached to the substrate. This is a fairly clear definition, but does seem to produce some rather arbitrary distinctions (Hansell 1987b). The spider Dinopis, for example, makes a small web which it holds in its legs, thrusting it down on passing ants. This is a tool, but all other webs, however complex, are not since they are anchored to the substrate. The woodpecker finch […] that uses a fine stick held in the beak to extract insect prey from wood, is a tool user, but a shrike […] that impales an insect on a thorn still attached to the bush is not.”
A language that is replaced in a population by another language and that influences the language imposed on its speakers.
A metal which is plated with another metal which has different physical properties.
A surface to which a substance adheres.

Etymology: Anglicization of substratum.

To strew or lay under.
“The melted glass being supported by the substrated sand.”