upheaval

noun

Etymology: Etymology tree English upheave Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.? Proto-Italic *-ālis Latin -ālisbor. Old French -albor. ▲ Latin -ālis Old French -elbor. ▲ Latin -ālisbor. Middle English -al English -al English upheaval From upheave + -al.

1. The process of being heaved upward, especially the raising of part of the earth's crust.
2. A disruptive change, from one state to another.

   “Scotland's bottleneck junction between the West and East Coast main lines at Carstairs will be the site of major upheaval until the end of May, while £164 million worth of improvements are carried out.”

3. A sudden violent upset, disruption or convulsion.

   “Since that upheaval Wales have won just once in seven games, beating Northern Ireland in the Nations Cup last May.”