vinaigrette

noun

Etymology: Borrowed from French vinaigrette. Sense 4 (“type of Russian salad”) is a semantic loan from Russian винегре́т (vinegrét), whence also the doublet vinegret.

1. A sauce, made of an acidic liquid such as vinegar or lemon juice; oil; and other ingredients, used as a salad dressing, or as a marinade for cold meats.
2. A small perforated box for holding aromatic vinegar contained in a sponge, or a smelling bottle for smelling salts

   “Lady Selina smells at her vinaigrette, and replies in her softest, affectedest, civilest, and crushingest manner— "Poor—DEAR—OLD MAN!"”

3. A small, two-wheeled vehicle, like a litter, to be drawn or pushed by a person. They were used in France until the late 18th century.
4. Alternative form of vinegret (“type of Russian salad”).