13th-century philosophers

Moses ben Maimon (died 12 December 1204), commonly known as Maimonides and also referred to by the Hebrew acronym Rambam, was a Sephardic Jewish rabbi who is widely acknowledged as one of the most prolific and influential Torah scholars of the Middle Ages. Originally from Córdoba, where he was born on Passover Eve of 1135 or 1138, his family was exiled from Muslim-ruled Spain when they refused to convert to Islam shortly after the Almohad Caliphate conquered the Almoravid dynasty in 1148. Over the course of the next two decades, Maimonides resided in Fez, Acre, Jerusalem, Alexandria, and Cairo

Scottish Franciscan friar and philosopher (c. 1265/66–1308)

Belgian philosopher, c. 1240–1284

scholastic philosopher

13th-century Danish philosopher

Iranian sufi poet and philosopher

Pantheistic philosopher

Muslim philosopher

Iraqi Islamic theologian and scholar (1250-1325)

Shams al-Din Muhammad Mahmud Shahrazuri () knowns as Shahrazuri () was a 13th-century Muslim physician, historian and philosopher. He was of Kurdish origin. It appears that he was alive in AD 1288. However, it is also said that he died in the same year.

alleguedly Spanish philosopher

Flemish philosopher

Syrian astrologer

13th-century Danish scholar

Dominican friar, priest and philosopher

Brussels geometer and philosopher