Duns Scotus
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Duns Scotus was a Scottish Franciscan friar and philosopher who lived from around 1265 to 1308 and made important contributions to medieval Christian thought. He matters today because his ideas about logic, theology, and the nature of individual things significantly influenced both medieval philosophy and later European intellectual traditions.
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John Duns Scotus OFM (/dʌnz ˈskoʊtəs/ dunz SKOH-təs, Ecclesiastical Latin: [duns ˈskɔtus], "Duns the Scot"; c. 1265/66 – 8 November 1308) was a Scottish Catholic priest and Franciscan friar, university professor, philosopher and theologian. He is considered among the most important philosopher-theologians in Western Christendom during the last part of the medieval period, together with Thomas Aquinas, Bonaventure and William of Ockham.
Duns Scotus has had considerable influence on both Catholic and secular thought. The doctrines for which he is best known are the "univocity of being", that existence is the most abstract concept we have, applicable to everything that exists; the formal distinction, a way of distinguishing between different formalities of the same thing; and the idea of haecceity, the property supposed to be in each individual thing that makes it an individual (i.e. a certain "thisness"). Duns Scotus also developed a complex argument for the existence of God, and argued for the Immaculate Conception of Mary. The intellectual tradition derived from Scotus' work is called Scotism.
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1260s births1308 deaths13th-century philosophers13th-century Roman Catholic theologians13th-century Scottish Roman Catholic priests13th-century venerated Christians13th-century writers in Latin14th-century philosophers14th-century Scottish Roman Catholic priests14th-century venerated Christians14th-century writers in LatinAcademic staff of the University of Paris