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1558 deaths

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Charles V
Holy Roman Emperor from 1519 to 1556 (1500–1558)
Mary I
Queen of England and Ireland from 1553 to 1558
Hürrem Sultan
Wife of Suleiman the Magnificent
Eleanor of Austria
Queen consort of Portugal and France (1498-1558)
Mary of Hungary
governor of the Netherlands and queen consort of Hungary and Bohemia (1505-1558)
Robert Recorde
Welsh mathematician and inventor of the symbol '='
Julius Caesar Scaliger
Italian scholar, physician and philosopher (1484-1558)
Reginald Pole
English cardinal, the last Roman Catholic Archbishop of Canterbury
Johannes Bugenhagen
German theologian; (1485-1558)
Clément Janequin
French composer
Francisco de Sá de Miranda
Portuguese poet (1481–1558)
Jean Fernel
French physician (*1497 – †1558)
Cassandra Fedele
Italian author
Anna van Egmont
first wife of William the Silent (1533-1558)
Macropedius
Georgius Macropedius (born Joris van Lanckvelt; 23 April 1487 – 23 July 1558) was a Dutch humanist, schoolmaster and "the greatest Latin playwright of the 16th century."
George I of Württemberg-Mömpelgard
Count of Württemberg-Montbéliard
Caupolicán
Caupolicán (meaning 'polished flint' (queupu) or 'blue quartz stone' (Kallfulikan) in Mapudungun) was a toqui or war leader of the Mapuche people, who led the resistance of his people against the Spanish conquistadors who invaded the territory of today's Chile during the sixteenth century. His rule as Toqui lasted roughly from 1553–1558 AD.
Mellin de Saint-Gelais
French poet
Dervish Ali Astrakhani
Khan of Astrakhan
Elisabeth of Brandenburg, Duchess of Brunswick-Calenberg-Göttingen
duchess consort of Brunswick-Calenberg-Göttingen
Ibrahim Adil Shah I
Sultan of Bijapur
Marcos de Niza
spanish XVI century franciscan and explorer
John Sheppard
English singer and composer
Nuño de Guzmán
Spanish conqueror
Piero Strozzi
Italian conottieri
Wolfgang of the Palatinate
Count Palatine of Neumarkt, governor of the Upper Palatinate
Anton of Schauenburg
Archbishop-Elector of Cologne
Luca Gaurico
Italian astronomer
Jacob Micyllus
German humanist
Filippo Archinto
Italian theologian
Girolamo Doria
Italian cardinal
Janus Cornarius
German physician and philologist (c.1500–1558)
Hugh Aston
English composer, musician and civic leader
Hermann Finck
German composer
Pietro Tagliavia d'Aragonia
Italian cardinal
Sanatan Goswami
Goswami of Vrindavan
Radu VIII Ilias Haidăul
prince of Wallachia
Justus Menius
German theologian
Philip I of Nassau-Wiesbaden
Count of Nassau-Wiesbaden (1511-1554)
Erhard Schnepf
German theologian
Gabriel Zwilling
German protestant reformer
Alfonso de Castro
Spanish theologian
Pietro Bertani
Italian cardinal (1501-1558)
Johann Forster
German theologian
Archibald Campbell, 4th Earl of Argyll
Scottish nobleman, politician
Kunigunde of Brandenburg-Kulmbach
Margravine of Baden
Piero Valeriano Bolzani
Italian humanist
Ortensio Lando
Italian writer (1512-1560)
Gerhard Westerburg
Published various pamphlets related to the Reformation in Cologne
Charles II de Lalaing
Dutch stadtholder (1506-1558)
Geoffrey Pole
English knight
Maximilian II of Burgundy
Dutch stadtholder (1514-1558)
Elizabeth Howard, Duchess of Norfolk
Wife of Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk (1479-1558)
Juan de Vega
Spanish politician and diplomat
Martín Alonso Fernández de Córdoba Montemayor y Velasco, Count of Alcaudete
Spanish politician
Bartolommeo Genga
Italian architect (1518-1558)
Zayn al-Din al-Juba'i al'Amili
Shi'a cleric
Empress Xiaoyizhuang, of the Li clan
princess Consort of Yu
Richard Croke
English academic
Johann Faber of Heilbronn
16th-century Catholic preacher and author