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1731 deaths

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Daniel Defoe
English trader, writer, and journalist (1660–1731)
Brook Taylor
English mathematician (1685–1731)
Bartolomeo Cristofori
Italian maker of musical instruments (1655–1731)
Mary Astell
English feminist writer (1666-1731)
Eudoxia Lopukhina
russian Tsarina as the first wife of Peter I
Mary of Jesus de León y Delgado
Spanish Dominican lay sister and mystic
Antonio Farnese
Duke of Parma
Louise Hippolyte I, Princess of Monaco
Princess regnant of Monaco and Monegasque princess (1697-1731)
Frederik Ruysch
Dutch botanist and anatomist (1638-1731)
Antonio I, Prince of Monaco
Monegasque prince (1661-1731)
Johann Ludwig Bach
German composer and violinist
Violante Beatrice of Bavaria
Sienese governor; wife of Grand Prince Ferdinando (1673-1731)
Antoine Houdar de La Motte
French author (1672–1731)
Gustav Samuel Leopold, Duke of Zweibrücken
German noble (1670-1731)
Étienne François Geoffroy
French chemist
Abd al-Ghani al-Nabulsi
Muslim scholar
Ferdinand Brokoff
Czech sculptor (1688–1731)
Augustus William, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
German prince (1662-1731)
Caspar Commelijn
Dutch botanist
Dorothea Friederike of Brandenburg-Ansbach
Countess of Hanau
Margrave Albert Frederick of Brandenburg-Schwedt
Lieutenant-General in Brandenburg-Prussia and Grand Master of the Order of St. John
Chrysanthus Notaras
Greek Polymath and Patriarch of Jerusalem
Maurice Wilhelm, Duke of Saxe-Merseburg
German duke (1688-1731)
Johann Hübner
German academic
Charles Boyle, 4th Earl of Orrery
British nobleman
Duke Friedrich Ludwig, Hereditary Duke of Württemberg
German Duke
Giovanna Fratellini
Italian painter (1666-1731)
John Craig
British mathematician and theologian
Innocent of Irkutsk
First bishop of Irkutsk
Johann Melchior Dinglinger
German goldsmith (1664-1731)
Chhatrasal
Maharaja Chhatrasal Bundela (4 May 1649 – 20 December 1731) was the Bundela Maharaja of Panna or Maharaja of Bundelkhand from 1675 to 1731. He is well known for his resistance against the Mughal Empire and leading the struggle of independence of Bundelkhand.
Francesco de Sanctis
late Baroque Italian architect, most notable for his design of the Spanish Steps in Rome in collaboration with Alessandro Specchi
Elizabeth Needham
English procuress and brothel-keeper
Empress Xiaojingxian
Empress of the Qing Dynasty (1679-1731)
Philip Wharton, 1st Duke of Wharton
British Duke (1698-1731)
Ernest August, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg
Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg
Johann Melchior Roos
German painter (1663-1731)
Peregrine Osborne, 3rd Duke of Leeds
British peer (1691-1731)
Lê Dụ Tông
King of Vietnam
Ned Ward
English writer
Maria Selvaggia Borghini
Italian poet (1656-1731)
William II, Landgrave of Hesse-Wanfried-Rheinfels
Landgrave of Hesse-Wanfried and of Hesse-Rheinfels
Andreas Rüdiger
German philosopher and physicist (1673-1731)
Preah Keo Fa III
Cambodian King (1699-1700)
Jacob Paul von Gundling
German historian
Catherine Repond
Swiss woman executed for witchcraft in Fribourg
Tsarevna Praskovya Ivanovna of Russia
daughter of Tsar Ivan V of Russia
Jan Stanisław Jabłonowski
Polish poet (1669-1731)
Barbara FitzRoy
noblewoman; British prioress
Sicco van Goslinga
Dutch statesman and diplomat (1664-1731)
Peder Krog
Lutheran bishop
István Koháry
Austro-Hungarian noble-poet (1649-1731)
Ditlev Vibe
Norwegian noble (1670-1731)
Jan Szembek
Polish noble
Mizuno Tadayuki
daimyo
Giovanni Camillo Sagrestani
Italian painter (1660-1731)
George Carpenter, 1st Baron Carpenter
British soldier, Governor of Minorca
Ferdinand Johann Adam von Pernau
Austrian ornithologist
José de Antequera y Castro
Panamanian judge
Jean-François Leriget de La Faye
French writer and diplomat (1674-1731)